学习目标:
- 二叉树的遍历
学习内容:
1.前序遍历
递归形式:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public List<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer>();
traversal(root, result);
return result;
}
void traversal(TreeNode cur, List<Integer> result){
if(cur == null){
return;
}
result.add(cur.val);
traversal(cur.left, result);
traversal(cur.right, result);
}
}
非递归形式:
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public List<Integer> preorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
if(root == null){
return result;
}
Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
stack.push(root);
while(!stack.isEmpty()){
TreeNode node = stack.pop();
result.add(node.val);
if(node.right != null){
stack.push(node.right);
}
if(node.left != null){
stack.push(node.left);
}
}
return result;
}
}
2.中序遍历
递归形式
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public List<Integer> inorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer>();
traversal(root, result);
return result;
}
private void traversal(TreeNode cur, List<Integer> result){
if(cur == null){
return;
}
traversal(cur.left, result);
result.add(cur.val);
traversal(cur.right, result);
}
}
非递归形式
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public List<Integer> inorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
if(root == null){
return result;
}
Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
TreeNode cur = root;
while(!stack.isEmpty() || cur != null){
if(cur != null){
stack.push(cur);
cur = cur.left;
}
else{
cur = stack.pop();
result.add(cur.val);
cur = cur.right;
}
}
return result;
}
}
3.后序遍历
递归形式
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public List<Integer> postorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
List<Integer> result = new LinkedList<Integer>();
traversal(root, result);
return result;
}
public void traversal(TreeNode cur, List<Integer> result){
if(cur == null){
return;
}
traversal(cur.left, result);
traversal(cur.right, result);
result.add(cur.val);
}
}
非递归形式
/**
* Definition for a binary tree node.
* public class TreeNode {
* int val;
* TreeNode left;
* TreeNode right;
* TreeNode() {}
* TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
* TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
* this.val = val;
* this.left = left;
* this.right = right;
* }
* }
*/
class Solution {
public List<Integer> postorderTraversal(TreeNode root) {
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<>();
if(root == null){
return result;
}
Stack<TreeNode> stack = new Stack<>();
stack.push(root);
while(!stack.isEmpty()){
TreeNode node = stack.pop();
result.add(node.val);
if(node.left != null){
stack.push(node.left);
}
if(node.right != null){
stack.push(node.right);
}
}
Collections.reverse(result);
return result;
}
}