静态链表实现

 1.定义结构体

typedef struct StaticLinkedNode {
	char data;
	int next;
}*NodePtr;
typedef struct StaticLinkedList {
	NodePtr nodes;
	int* used;
} *ListPtr;

2.初始化

ListPtr initLinkedList()
{
	//分配空间
	ListPtr tempPtr = (ListPtr)malloc(sizeof(StaticLinkedList));
	tempPtr->nodes = (NodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct StaticLinkedNode) * DEFAULT_SIZE);
	tempPtr->used = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * DEFAULT_SIZE);
	//创建头节点
	tempPtr->nodes[0].data = '\0';
	tempPtr->nodes[0].next = -1;
	//记录空间使用情况
	tempPtr->used[0] = 1;
	for (int i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i++) {
		tempPtr->used[i] = 0;
	}
	return tempPtr;
}

 

3.打印链表

void printList(ListPtr paraListPtr)
{
	int p = 0;
	while (p != -1)
	{
		printf("%c", paraListPtr->nodes[p].data);
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}
	printf("\r\n");
}

4.插入元素

void insertElement(ListPtr paraListPtr, char paraChar, int paraPosition)
{
	int p, q, i;
	//1.查找位置
	p = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < paraPosition; i++)
	{
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
		if (p == -1)
		{
			printf("所给位置超出范围\r\n");
			return;
		}
		
	}
	//创建创建新结点
	for (i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i++) {
		if (paraListPtr->used[i] == 0) {
			// This is identical to malloc.
			printf("在第 %d 个位置空余.\r\n", i);
			paraListPtr->used[i] = 1;
			q = i;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (i == DEFAULT_SIZE)
	{
		printf("没有空间了\n\r");
		return;
	}
	paraListPtr->nodes[q].data = paraChar;
	//连接结点
	printf("连接中\r\n");
	paraListPtr->nodes[q].next = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	paraListPtr->nodes[p].next = q;
}

5.删除元素

void deleteElement(ListPtr paraListPtr, char paraChar)
{
	int p, q;
	p = 0;
	while ((paraListPtr->nodes[p].next != -1) && (paraListPtr->nodes[paraListPtr->nodes[p].next].data != paraChar)) {
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}
	if (paraListPtr->nodes[p].next == -1) {
		printf("没有要删除的元素\r\n", paraChar);
		return;
	}
	q = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	paraListPtr->nodes[p].next = paraListPtr->nodes[paraListPtr->nodes[p].next].next;
	paraListPtr->used[q] = 0;
}

6.插入删除测试

void appendInsertDeleteTest() {
	// Step 1. 初始化
	ListPtr tempList = initLinkedList();
	printList(tempList);

	// Step 2. 添加元素
	insertElement(tempList, 'H', 0);
	insertElement(tempList, 'e', 1);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 2);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 3);
	insertElement(tempList, 'o', 4);
	printList(tempList);

	// Step 3. 删除元素
	printf("Deleting 'e'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'e');
	printf("Deleting 'a'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'a');
	printf("Deleting 'o'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'o');
	printList(tempList);

	insertElement(tempList, 'x', 1);
	printList(tempList);
}

7.完整代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#define DEFAULT_SIZE 5

typedef struct StaticLinkedNode {
	char data;
	int next;
}*NodePtr;
typedef struct StaticLinkedList {
	NodePtr nodes;
	int* used;
} *ListPtr;
//初始化
ListPtr initLinkedList()
{
	//分配空间
	ListPtr tempPtr = (ListPtr)malloc(sizeof(StaticLinkedList));
	tempPtr->nodes = (NodePtr)malloc(sizeof(struct StaticLinkedNode) * DEFAULT_SIZE);
	tempPtr->used = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int) * DEFAULT_SIZE);
	//创建头节点
	tempPtr->nodes[0].data = '\0';
	tempPtr->nodes[0].next = -1;
	//记录空间使用情况
	tempPtr->used[0] = 1;
	for (int i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i++) {
		tempPtr->used[i] = 0;
	}
	return tempPtr;
}
void printList(ListPtr paraListPtr)
{
	int p = 0;
	while (p != -1)
	{
		printf("%c", paraListPtr->nodes[p].data);
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}
	printf("\r\n");
}
void insertElement(ListPtr paraListPtr, char paraChar, int paraPosition)
{
	int p, q, i;
	//1.查找位置
	p = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < paraPosition; i++)
	{
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
		if (p == -1)
		{
			printf("所给位置超出范围\r\n");
			return;
		}
		
	}
	//创建创建新结点
	for (i = 1; i < DEFAULT_SIZE; i++) {
		if (paraListPtr->used[i] == 0) {
			// This is identical to malloc.
			printf("在第 %d 个位置空余.\r\n", i);
			paraListPtr->used[i] = 1;
			q = i;
			break;
		}
	}
	if (i == DEFAULT_SIZE)
	{
		printf("没有空间了\n\r");
		return;
	}
	paraListPtr->nodes[q].data = paraChar;
	//连接结点
	printf("连接中\r\n");
	paraListPtr->nodes[q].next = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	paraListPtr->nodes[p].next = q;
}
//删除结点
void deleteElement(ListPtr paraListPtr, char paraChar)
{
	int p, q;
	p = 0;
	while ((paraListPtr->nodes[p].next != -1) && (paraListPtr->nodes[paraListPtr->nodes[p].next].data != paraChar)) {
		p = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	}
	if (paraListPtr->nodes[p].next == -1) {
		printf("没有要删除的元素\r\n", paraChar);
		return;
	}
	q = paraListPtr->nodes[p].next;
	paraListPtr->nodes[p].next = paraListPtr->nodes[paraListPtr->nodes[p].next].next;
	paraListPtr->used[q] = 0;
}
//测试
void appendInsertDeleteTest() {
	// Step 1. 初始化
	ListPtr tempList = initLinkedList();
	printList(tempList);

	// Step 2. 添加元素
	insertElement(tempList, 'H', 0);
	insertElement(tempList, 'e', 1);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 2);
	insertElement(tempList, 'l', 3);
	insertElement(tempList, 'o', 4);
	printList(tempList);

	// Step 3. 删除元素
	printf("Deleting 'e'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'e');
	printf("Deleting 'a'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'a');
	printf("Deleting 'o'.\r\n");
	deleteElement(tempList, 'o');
	printList(tempList);

	insertElement(tempList, 'x', 1);
	printList(tempList);
}

void main(){
	appendInsertDeleteTest();
}
	


		

	

8.运行结果

在第 1 个位置空余.
连接中
在第 2 个位置空余.
连接中
在第 3 个位置空余.
连接中
在第 4 个位置空余.
连接中
没有空间了
Hell
Deleting 'e'.
Deleting 'a'.
没有要删除的元素
Deleting 'o'.
没有要删除的元素
Hll
在第 2 个位置空余.
连接中
Hxll

9.静态链表与动态链表的区别

静态链表用的是相对地址，动态链表用绝对地址；

静态链表的初始长度一般是固定的；