作业要求:
1.设计一个app的门户框架,需要实现3-4个tab切换效果;本功能要求需要的技术为:activity、xml、fragment
2、在任一tab页中实现列表效果;本功能的实现需要使用recycleview;
一.APP主界面
二.实现步骤
1.在layout中创建top.xml 文件实现顶部app标题
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="65dp" android:gravity="top" android:background="#000000" android:orientation="vertical"> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="微信" android:textColor="#ffffff" android:textSize="50sp"/> </LinearLayout>
2.创建bottom.xml实现门户界面底部选择框
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="100dp" android:layout_gravity="bottom" android:background="#D8D8D8" android:orientation="horizontal"> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/tab_message" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#FFFFFF" android:contentDescription="@null" android:gravity="center" android:onClick="onClick" android:orientation="vertical"> <ImageButton android:id="@+id/imageButton1" android:layout_width="90dp" android:layout_height="80dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:contentDescription="@string/app_name" android:scaleType="centerInside" android:src="@android:drawable/stat_notify_chat" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#FFFFFF" android:gravity="center_horizontal" android:text="消息" android:textColor="#000000" android:textSize="20dp" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/tab_friend" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#FFFFFF" android:contentDescription="@null" android:gravity="center" android:onClick="onClick" android:orientation="vertical"> <ImageButton android:id="@+id/imageButton2" android:layout_width="90dp" android:layout_height="80dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:contentDescription="@string/app_name" android:src="@android:drawable/stat_sys_phone_call" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView2" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#FFFFFF" android:gravity="center_horizontal" android:text="好友" android:textColor="#000000" android:textSize="20dp" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/tab_find" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#FFFFFF" android:contentDescription="@null" android:gravity="center" android:onClick="onClick" android:orientation="vertical"> <ImageButton android:id="@+id/imageButton3" android:layout_width="90dp" android:layout_height="80dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:contentDescription="@string/app_name" android:src="@android:drawable/ic_menu_search" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView3" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#FFFFFF" android:gravity="center_horizontal" android:text="通讯录" android:textColor="#000000" android:textSize="20dp" /> </LinearLayout> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/tab_mine" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#FFFFFF" android:contentDescription="@null" android:gravity="center" android:onClick="onClick" android:orientation="vertical"> <ImageButton android:id="@+id/imageButton4" android:layout_width="90dp" android:layout_height="80dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:contentDescription="@string/app_name" android:src="@android:drawable/ic_menu_preferences" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/textView4" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:background="#FFFFFF" android:gravity="center_horizontal" android:text="设置" android:textColor="#000000" android:textSize="20dp" /> </LinearLayout> </LinearLayout>
创建 find.xml ,friend.xml,message.xml,mine.xml 来作为四个不同的中间内容框
以message.xml为例
代码如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:id_context=".Fragment_xiaoxi"> <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView android:id="@+id/recyclerview" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_marginStart="8dp" android:layout_marginTop="8dp" android:layout_marginEnd="8dp" android:layout_marginBottom="8dp" app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent" app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent" app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent" app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" /> <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:layout_editor_absoluteX="66dp" tools:layout_editor_absoluteY="127dp" /> </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
创建message,friend,find,mine四个布局文件对应四个中间内容文件实现界面布局的切换
以message.java为例
代码如下
package edu.hubu.work1; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment; import androidx.recyclerview.widget.LinearLayoutManager; import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class message extends Fragment{ View view; Myadapter adapter; RecyclerView recyclerView; List<String> list; public message() { } @Override public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) { view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.message, container, false); recyclerView = view.findViewById(R.id.recyclerview); list = new ArrayList<>(); for(int i=0;i<9;i++) { list.add("这是第"+i+"行消息"); } adapter=new Myadapter(view.getContext(), list); LinearLayoutManager manager=new LinearLayoutManager(view.getContext()); manager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL); recyclerView.setLayoutManager(manager); recyclerView.setAdapter(adapter); return view; } }
接下来是MainActivity2(重点)
定义Frags_init(); Frags_show(Fragment f); Frags_hide();onClick(View v) 通过这几个函数实现对布局文件的调用,隐藏,切换等,从而实现中间布局内容的切换以及底部选择框图标的变亮与变暗。
首先定义四个Fragment类对象,然后建立一个FragmentManager 类对象fragmentManager
Frags_init()代码:
private void Frags_init()
{
transaction= manager.beginTransaction()
.add(R.id.content,Xiaoxi)
.add(R.id.content,Lianxiren)
.add(R.id.content,Faxian)
.add(R.id.content,Wode)
.commit();
}
Frags_show(Fragment f)代码:
private void Frags_show(Fragment f) {
transaction=manager.beginTransaction()
.show(f)
.commit();
}
Frags_hide()代码:
public void Frags_hide()
{
transaction=manager.beginTransaction()
.hide(Xiaoxi)
.hide(Lianxiren)
.hide(Faxian)
.hide(Wode)
.commit();
}
onClick(View v)代码:
public void onClick(View v){
Frags_hide();
if (v.getId()==R.id.tab_xiaoxi)
Frags_show(Xiaoxi);
else if (v.getId()==R.id.tab_lianxiren)
Frags_show(Lianxiren);
else if (v.getId()==R.id.tab_faxian)
Frags_show(Faxian);
else if (v.getId()==R.id.tab_wode)
Frags_show(Wode);
}
}
将需要的图片复制到drawable下
编辑文件Myadapter.java
package edu.hubu.work1; import android.content.Context; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.TextView; import androidx.annotation.NonNull; import androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView; import java.util.List; public class Myadapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<Myadapter.Myholder> { Context context1; List<String> list1; public Myadapter(Context context,List list){ context1=context; list1=list; } @NonNull @Override public Myholder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) { View view=LayoutInflater.from(context1).inflate(R.layout.item,parent,false); Myholder holder=new Myholder(view); return holder; } @Override public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull Myholder holder, int position) { holder.textView1.setText(list1.get(position)); } @Override public int getItemCount() { return list1.size(); } public class Myholder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{ TextView textView1; public Myholder(@NonNull View itemview ){ super(itemview); textView1=itemview.findViewById(R.id.textView9); } } }
三.运行代码,结果如下
实验心得:这次as设计app门户框架中我遇到了许多问题,如报错Error type 3 Error: Activity class {} does not exist,如不顾提醒多次运行会做出上一个虚拟机的结果。该问题在重构代码并重启as后解决。有时候也会因为控件id写错或者没调参数这种小问题报错。总之,在这次设计实验后,我对门户框架的设计更加了解,对于as的使用也有了提升。
总结
- 本文介绍了AndriodStudio制作门户界面的大致流程以及界面切换的功能,如有错误,敬请指正。
- 码云链接:lbsjjb: 移动开发作业 - Gitee.com