SQL语句---- 查找21年8月份练题总数

描述

题目： 现在运营想要了解2021年8月份所有练习过题目的总用户数和练习过题目的总次数，请取出相应结果

示例：question_practice_detail

id	device_id	question_id	result	date
1	2138	111	wrong	2021-05-03
2	3214	112	wrong	2021-05-09
3	3214	113	wrong	2021-06-15
4	6543	111	right	2021-08-13
5	2315	115	right	2021-08-13
6	2315	116	right	2021-08-14
7	2315	117	wrong	2021-08-15
……

根据的示例，你的查询应返回以下结果：

did_cnt	question_cnt
3	12

示例1

输入：

drop table if exists `user_profile`;
drop table if  exists `question_practice_detail`;
CREATE TABLE `user_profile` (
`id` int NOT NULL,
`device_id` int NOT NULL,
`gender` varchar(14) NOT NULL,
`age` int ,
`university` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
`gpa` float,
`active_days_within_30` int ,
`question_cnt` int ,
`answer_cnt` int 
);
CREATE TABLE `question_practice_detail` (
`id` int NOT NULL,
`device_id` int NOT NULL,
`question_id`int NOT NULL,
`result` varchar(32) NOT NULL,
`date` date NOT NULL
);

INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(1,2138,'male',21,'北京大学',3.4,7,2,12);
INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(2,3214,'male',null,'复旦大学',4.0,15,5,25);
INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(3,6543,'female',20,'北京大学',3.2,12,3,30);
INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(4,2315,'female',23,'浙江大学',3.6,5,1,2);
INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(5,5432,'male',25,'山东大学',3.8,20,15,70);
INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(6,2131,'male',28,'山东大学',3.3,15,7,13);
INSERT INTO user_profile VALUES(7,4321,'male',28,'复旦大学',3.6,9,6,52);
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(1,2138,111,'wrong','2021-05-03');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(2,3214,112,'wrong','2021-05-09');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(3,3214,113,'wrong','2021-06-15');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(4,6543,111,'right','2021-08-13');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(5,2315,115,'right','2021-08-13');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(6,2315,116,'right','2021-08-14');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(7,2315,117,'wrong','2021-08-15');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(8,3214,112,'wrong','2021-05-09');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(9,3214,113,'wrong','2021-08-15');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(10,6543,111,'right','2021-08-13');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(11,2315,115,'right','2021-08-13');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(12,2315,116,'right','2021-08-14');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(13,2315,117,'wrong','2021-08-15');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(14,3214,112,'wrong','2021-08-16');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(15,3214,113,'wrong','2021-08-18');
INSERT INTO question_practice_detail VALUES(16,6543,111,'right','2021-08-13');

复制输出：

3|12

 具体sql语句实现：

1.使用like

select
    count(distinct device_id) as did_cnt,
    count(question_id) as question_cnt
from question_practice_detail
where date like "2021-08%"

解析：1.count函数---统计计数（device_id有重复，所以需要distinct去重）；2.as---对查找到数据的列进行重命名，重命名为题目要求的列名 ；3.like---where条件限制date数据中格式像"2021-08%"的数据。

2.month和year

select
    count(distinct device_id) as did_cnt,
    count(device_id) as question_cnt
from question_practice_detail
where month(date) = 8 and year(date) = 2021

解析：条件分别要求年和月。

3. substring

select
    count(distinct device_id) as did_cnt,
    count(device_id) as question_cnt
from question_practice_detail
where substring(date,1,7) = '2021-08'  

解析：substring(date,1,7) 是一个函数，用于从`date`字段值中提取从第1个字符开始、长度为7的子串。`= '2021-08'` 是一个比较条件，用于比较提取出的子串是否与字符串`2021-08`相等。

 4.left

select
    count(distinct device_id) as did_cnt,
    count(device_id) as question_cnt
from question_practice_detail
where left(date,7) = '2021-08' 

解析：left(date,7)是一个函数，用于提取`date`字段值的左侧7个字符。`= '2021-08'` 是一个比较条件，用于比较提取出的7个字符是否与字符串`2021-08`相等。

5.date_format

select
    count(distinct device_id) as did_cnt,
    count(device_id) as question_cnt
from question_practice_detail
where date_format(date,'%Y%m') = '202108'

 解析：date_format()是一个SQL函数，用于将日期或日期时间字段格式化为特定的字符串形式

`'%Y%m'` 是`date_format()`函数的格式化参数，它指示函数将日期格式化为“四位年份两位月份”的形式。例如，2021年8月将被格式化为'202108'。

`= '202108'` 是一个比较操作，它筛选出那些经过`date_format()`函数格式化后值等于'202108'的记录。