Android AIDL：跨进程调用Service (AIDL Service)，聊聊Android开发的现状和思考

• generating a proxy if needed.

*/

public static com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj) {

if ((obj == null)) {

return null;

}

android.os.IInterface iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR);

if (((iin != null) && (iin instanceof com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder))) {

return ((com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder) iin);

}

return new com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder.Stub.Proxy(obj);

}

@Override

public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {

return this;

}

@Override

public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data, android.os.Parcel reply, int flags) throws android.os.RemoteException {

switch (code) {

case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION: {

reply.writeString(DESCRIPTOR);

return true;

}

case TRANSACTION_basicTypes: {

data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR);

int _arg0;

_arg0 = data.readInt();

long _arg1;

_arg1 = data.readLong();

boolean _arg2;

_arg2 = (0 != data.readInt());

float _arg3;

_arg3 = data.readFloat();

double _arg4;

_arg4 = data.readDouble();

java.lang.String _arg5;

_arg5 = data.readString();

this.basicTypes(_arg0, _arg1, _arg2, _arg3, _arg4, _arg5);

reply.writeNoException();

return true;

}

}

return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);

}

private static class Proxy implements com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.IAppServiceRemoteBinder {

private android.os.IBinder mRemote;

Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote) {

mRemote = remote;

}

@Override

public android.os.IBinder asBinder() {

return mRemote;

}

public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor() {

return DESCRIPTOR;

}

/**

• Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters

• and return valu

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es in AIDL.

*/

@Override

public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, java.lang.String aString) throws android.os.RemoteException {

android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();

android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();

try {

_data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);

_data.writeInt(anInt);

_data.writeLong(aLong);

_data.writeInt(((aBoolean) ? (1) : (0)));

_data.writeFloat(aFloat);

_data.writeDouble(aDouble);

_data.writeString(aString);

mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_basicTypes, _data, _reply, 0);

_reply.readException();

} finally {

_reply.recycle();

_data.recycle();

}

}

}

static final int TRANSACTION_basicTypes = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0);

}

/**

• Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters

• and return values in AIDL.

*/

public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, java.lang.String aString) throws android.os.RemoteException;

}

/*

Stub对象是在被调用端进程，也就是服务端进程

*/

在Service中重写onBind()方法：

@Override

public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

return new IAppServiceRemoteBinder.Stub() {

@Override

public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {

// …

}

};

}

这时重写AnotherApp中的MainActivity：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements OnClickListener, ServiceConnection {

private Intent mServiceIntent;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

findViewById(R.id.btn_start_Service).setOnClickListener(this);

findViewById(R.id.btn_stop_Service).setOnClickListener(this);

findViewById(R.id.btn_bind_Service).setOnClickListener(this);

findViewById(R.id.btn_unbind_Service).setOnClickListener(this);

mServiceIntent = new Intent();

mServiceIntent.setComponent(new ComponentName(“com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp”,

“com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp.AppService”));

}

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

switch (v.getId()) {

case R.id.btn_start_Service:

startService(mServiceIntent);

break;

case R.id.btn_stop_Service:

stopService(mServiceIntent);

break;

case R.id.btn_bind_Service:

bindService(mServiceIntent, this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

break;

case R.id.btn_unbind_Service:

unbindService(this);

break;

}

}

@Override

public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {

Log.i(“TAG”, "Bind Service : " + service);

}

@Override

public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

}

}

重新安装后，点击“绑定外部服务”

会看到如下日志：

四、跨应用绑定Service并通信

1. 在app 中的IAppServiceRemoteBinder增加接口方法：void setData(String data);

2. 复制该文件的包名com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp

3. 在AnotherApp中新建一个AIDL Folder，再在里面新建一个包(包名是刚才复制的包名，否则会编译错误)。

4. 将IAppServiceRemoteBinder.aidl文件整个复制到刚才新建的包下。

// IAppServiceRemoteBinder.aidl

package com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface IAppServiceRemoteBinder {

/**

• Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters

• and return values in AIDL.

*/

void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,

double aDouble, String aString);

void setData(String data);

}

Build -> ReBuild Project 后在AppService中的onBind(Intent intent)中实现void setData(String data);

package com.zhuanghongji.startservicefromanotherapp;

public class AppService extends Service {

private String mData = “默认数据”;

private boolean isRunning = false;

public AppService() {

}

@Override

public void onCreate() {

super.onCreate();

Log.i(“TAG”, “AppService onCreate”);

new Thread(new Runnable() {

@Override

public void run() {

isRunning = true;

while (isRunning) {

Log.i(“TAG”, mData);

try {

Thread.sleep(1000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

}).start();

}

@Override

public void onDestroy() {

super.onDestroy();

Log.i(“TAG”, “AppService onDestroy”);

isRunning = false;

}

@Override

public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

return new IAppServiceRemoteBinder.Stub() {

@Override

public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {

// …

}

@Override

public void setData(String data) throws RemoteException {

mData = data;

}

};

}

@Override

public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);

// 做你想做的事

}

}

此时务必要在App的MainActivity中注释掉 startService 和 stopService 。

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

// startService(new Intent(this, AppService.class));

}

@Override

protected void onDestroy() {

super.onDestroy();

// stopService(new Intent(this, AppService.class));

}

}

分别运行app和anotherApp后点击“绑定外部服务”后会发现日志每隔一秒打印出“默认数据”。

点击“同步按钮”后变成打印“这是另一个应用中的数据”。

至此就实现了跨进程间的通信。

下面给出anotherApp的主布局及其xml代码：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout

xmlns:android=“http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android”

xmlns:tools=“http://schemas.android.com/tools”

android:layout_width=“match_parent”

android:layout_height=“match_parent”

android:orientation=“vertical”

android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"