restful专栏 07.视图类 04.基于GenericAPIView类的视图

# 04.基于GenericAPIView类的视图

[toc]{type: "ol", level: [2, 3, 4, 5]}

### 创建路由
```python
### shop.urls
    # 基于GenericAPIView类的视图
    path('category/list/generic/apiview/', CategoryListGenericAPIView.as_view(), name='categoryListGenericAPIView'),
    # 此处的参数，必须命名为pk
    re_path(r'^category/detail/generic/apiview/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', CategoryDetailGenericAPIView.as_view(), name='categoryDetailGenericAPIView'),
```
<br><br>


### 创建视图
#### 导入模块
```python
### shop.views
from rest_framework import generics
from rest_framework import mixins
```
#### 多个对象
    混合类的使用 
        GenericAPIView继承了APIView
        *Mixin扩展了原有类的功能，但是不继承原有类
    generics.ListCreateAPIView
        此类有以下三个类的功能 并重写了get与post方法
        只需要指定：queryset与serializer_class即可
```python
### shop.views
class CategoryListGenericView(generics.GenericAPIView, mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin):
    # 重写该方法 返回对象
    def get_queryset(self):
        return Category.objects.all()

    # 重写该方法 返回序列化类
    def get_serializer_class(self):
        return CategorySerializer

    queryset = Category.objects.all()
    serializer_class = CategorySerializer

    # ListModelMixin
    def get(self, request):
        return self.list(request)

    # CreateModelMixin
    def post(self, request):
        return self.create(request)
```
#### 单个对象
    generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView
        与ListCreateAPIView原理相同
        只需要写入如下内容即可
            queryset = Category.objects.all()
            serializer_class = CategorySerializer
```python
### shop.views
class CategoryDetailGenericView(generics.GenericAPIView,
                                mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,
                                mixins.UpdateModelMixin,
                                mixins.DestroyModelMixin,
                                ):
    queryset = Category.objects.all()
    serializer_class = CategorySerializer

    # RetrieveModelMixin
    # 此处的参数，必须命名为pk
    def get(self, request, pk):
        return self.retrieve(request, pk=pk)

    # UpdateModelMixin
    def put(self, request, pk):
        return self.update(request, pk=pk)

    # UpdateModelMixin
    def patch(self, request, pk):
        return self.update(request, pk=pk)

    # DestroyModelMixin
    def delete(self, request, pk):
        return self.delete(request, pk=pk)
```
![drf](imgs/03.png)
<br><br>