使用前提:
案例来自第一行代码第三版
在工程build.gradle工程模块中加入如下依赖:
dependencies {
...
implementation("androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:1.3.2")
...
}
一、设置recyclerView控件
在activity_main中使用recyclerView
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
android:id="@+id/recyclerView"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
</LinearLayout>
二、创建fruit_item布局(RecyclerView的子项布局)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="60dp">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/fruitImage"
android:layout_width="40dp"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:layout_marginLeft="20dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/fruitName"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_marginTop="10dp"/>
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
三、创建适配Adapter
适配器继承自RecyclerView.Adapter,并要将泛型指定为FruitAdapter.ViewHolder,
ViewHolder是在Adapter定义的一个内部类
//FruitAdapter的主构造函数要传入要展示的数据源
class FruitAdapter(val fruitList: List<Fruit>) :
RecyclerView.Adapter<FruitAdapter.ViewHolder>() {
//ViewHolder的主构造函数中一般要传入RecyclerView的子项最外层布局
inner class ViewHolder(view: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(view) {
val fruitImage: ImageView = view.findViewById(R.id.fruitImage)
val fruitName: TextView = view.findViewById(R.id.fruitName)
}
//由于FruitAdapter是继承自RecyclerView.Adapter,所以下面三个方法必须要重写
//创建ViewHolder实例:把子项布局加载进来,并把加载出来的布局传入构造函数中
override fun onCreateViewHolder(parent: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): ViewHolder {
val view = LayoutInflater.from(parent.context).inflate(R.layout.fruit_item, parent, false)
return ViewHolder(view)
}
//用于对RecyclerView的子项数据进行赋值
override fun onBindViewHolder(holder: ViewHolder, position: Int) {
// 从数据源获取当前位置的数据项
//position 的值从 0 到 getItemCount() - 1。这是 RecyclerView 子项的可见范围
val fruit = fruitList[position]
holder.fruitImage.setImageResource(fruit.imageId)
holder.fruitName.text = fruit.name
}
//返回数据源的长度
override fun getItemCount() = fruitList.size
}
四、使用RecyclerView
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
private val fruitList = ArrayList<Fruit>()
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
// 初始化水果数据
initFruits()
//创建一个LinearLayoutManagerr对象
val layoutManager = LinearLayoutManagerr(this)
//将LinearLayoutManagerr对象设置到RecyclerView中
recyclerView.layoutManager = layoutManager
//创建实例
val adapter = FruitAdapter(fruitList)
//完成适配器设置
recyclerView.adapter = adapter
}
//设置初始化函数
private fun initFruits() {
repeat(2) {
fruitList.add(Fruit("Apple"), R.drawable.apple_pic)
fruitList.add(Fruit("Banana"), R.drawable.banana_pic)
fruitList.add(Fruit("Orange"), R.drawable.orange_pic)
fruitList.add(Fruit("Watermelon"), R.drawable.watermelon_pic)
fruitList.add(Fruit("Pear"), R.drawable.pear_pic)
fruitList.add(Fruit("Grape"), R.drawable.grape_pic)
fruitList.add(Fruit("Pineapple"), R.drawable.pineapple_pic)
fruitList.add(Fruit("Strawberry"), R.drawable.strawberry_pic)
fruitList.add(Fruit("Cherry"), R.drawable.cherry_pic)
fruitList.add(Fruit("Mango"), R.drawable.mango_pic)
}
}
}