JAVA高级（二）

十二、字符流

        字符流顶级父类，Reader和Writer Reader是字符输入流从某个源设备读取字符 Writer是字符输出流向某个目标写入字符。

1、FileRead 

import java.io.FileReader;

public class FileRead {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        FileReader fileReader = new FileReader("C:/Users/20665/OneDrive/桌面/java/io/read.txt");
        int len;
        while((len=fileReader.read())!=-1){
            System.out.print((char) len);
        }
        fileReader.close();
    }
}

2、字符流Buffer缓冲流对象 

        把read.txt文件里面的数据读取，然后写入到read2.txt文件中

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;

public class Buffer {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        FileReader reader = new FileReader("C:/Users/20665/OneDrive/桌面/java/io/read.txt");
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(reader);
        FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter("C:/Users/20665/OneDrive/桌面/java/io/read2.txt");
        BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);
        String str;
        while((str = br.readLine())!=null){
            bw.write(str+"\n");
            bw.newLine();
        }
        br.close();
        bw.close();
    }
}

 

3、字节流转字符流

import java.io.*;

public class Change {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        //创建字节输入流
        FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("C:/Users/20665/OneDrive/桌面/java/io/read.txt");
        //字节输入流转化为字符输入流
        InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(fileInputStream);
        //创建字符流对象缓冲区
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);

        //创建字节输出流
        FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream("C:/Users/20665/OneDrive/桌面/java/io/read2.txt");
        //将字节输出流转化为字符输出流
        OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(fileOutputStream);
        //创建字符流对象缓冲区
        BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(outputStreamWriter);
        String str;
        while((str= bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){
            bufferedWriter.write((str)+"\n");
            bufferedWriter.newLine();
        }
        bufferedWriter.close();
        bufferedReader.close();
    }
}

十三、文件操作 

1、基本文件操作

import java.io.File;

public class WenJian {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File file = new File("C:/Users/20665/OneDrive/桌面/java/io/read.txt");
        //得到文件名
        System.out.println(file.getName());
        //绝对路径
        System.out.println(file.getAbsoluteFile());
        //相对路径
        System.out.println(file.getPath());
        //判断文件是否可读
        System.out.println(file.canRead() ? "yes" : "no");
        //判断是否是一个文件
        System.out.println(file.isFile());
    }
}

2、DeleteFile

import java.io.File;

public class DeleteFile {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File file = new File("C:/Users/20665/OneDrive/桌面/java/io");
        if(file.exists()){
            //判断文件是否为空，为空则删除文件夹
            System.out.println(file.delete());
        }
    }
}

 3、遍历文件夹内容

import java.io.File;
public class WenJianJia {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        File file = new File("C:/Users/20665/OneDrive/桌面/java/io");
        //判断是否为文件夹
        if (file.isDirectory()){
            String[] read = file.list();
            for (String string : read) {
                System.out.println(string);
            }
        }
    }
}

十四、单例设计模式

        单例模式主要是为了避免因为创建了多个实例造成资源的浪费，且多个实例由于多次调用容易导致结果出现错误，而使用单例模式能够保证整个应用中有且只有一个实例。从其名字中我们就可以看出所谓单例，就是单个实例也就是说它可以解决的问题是：可以保证一个类在内存中的对象的唯一性，在一些常用的工具类、线程池、缓存，数据库，账户登录系统、配置文件等程序中可能只允许我们创建一个对象，一方面如果创建多个对象可能引起程序的错误，另一方面创建多个对象也造成资源的浪费。

Single类

package com.jn.model;

public class Single {
    private static Single INSTANCE = new Single();
    private Single() {
    }

    public static Single getInstance() {
        return INSTANCE;
    }
}

class Single1 {
    private static Single1 INSTANCE = null;
    private Single1() {
    }

    public static Single1 getInstance() {
        if (INSTANCE == null) {
            INSTANCE = new Single1();
        }
        return INSTANCE;
    }
}

测试类 

public class SignalTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Single s = Single.getInstance();
        Single s2 = Single.getInstance();
        System.out.println(s == s2);

        Single1 s1 = Single1.getInstance();
        Single1 s3 = Single1.getInstance();
        System.out.println(s1 == s3);
    }
}

十五、连接mysql数据库

package com.jn.liumaishengjian;
import java.sql.*;

public class JDBCDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String ur1 = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shixun?characterEncoding=utf8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true";
        String user = "root";
        String password = "123456";
        try{
            //加载程序驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");

            //建立连接
            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(ur1, user, password);

            //创建Statement对象
            Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();

            //执行查询
            ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from stu");

            int idWidth = 6; // 根据实际情况调整，假设 ID 最长为 4 个字符
            int nameWidth = 9; // 假设名字最长为 8 个字符
            int ageWidth = 3; // 假设年龄最长为 3 个字符
            int genderWidth = 6; // 假设性别最长为 6 个字符

            // 输出表头
            System.out.printf("%-" + idWidth + "s %-" + nameWidth + "s %-" + ageWidth + "s %-" + genderWidth + "s%n",
                    "ID", "Name", "Age", "Gender");

            while (rs.next()) {
                String id = rs.getString("sid");
                String name = rs.getString("sname");
                int age = rs.getInt("age");
                String gender = rs.getString("gender");
                System.out.printf("%-" + idWidth + "s %-" + nameWidth + "s %-" + ageWidth + "s %-" + genderWidth + "s%n",
                        id, name, age, gender == null? "" : gender);
            }
            //关闭连接
            rs.close();
            stmt.close();
            conn.close();

        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}