题目:
目录
一、R6为ISP只能配置IP地址,R1-R5的环回为私有网段
二、R1/2/3为星型的拓扑结构(MGRE),R1为中心站点;给R1/2/3分配192.168.1.0网段,走的是16.1.1.0的链路
三、R1/4/5为全连的MGRE结构;给R1/4/5分配192.168.2.0网段,走166.1.1.0的链路,都以各自为中心写源地址
思路:
1、先将公网的IP地址配好,公网之间能够互通
2、MGRE的私有网段:MAP
- MGRE的伪广播,全部接口都开启后才能生成OSPF的邻居关系
- 接着在配置OSPF的网络接口类型,类型要合理才能生成OSPF的领接关系
- 数据库表----路由表:DR的位置选举看是否合理
一、R6为ISP只能配置IP地址,R1-R5的环回为私有网段
1.规划各个网段的IP
R6配IP
R1配IP
2.公网要先实现全网通,添加缺省路由
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 16.1.1.1
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 166.1.1.1
[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 26.1.1.1
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 36.1.1.1
[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.1.1.1
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 56.1.1.1
二、R1/2/3为星型的拓扑结构(MGRE),R1为中心站点;给R1/2/3分配192.168.1.0网段,走的是16.1.1.0的链路
R1配置
[r1]int tu 0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 16.1.1.2
Aug 4 2023 19:02:20-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
R2配置
[r2]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 24
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Aug 4 2023 19:04:40-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[4]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.1.1 16.1.1.2 register
R3配置
[r3]int tu0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.3 24
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
Aug 4 2023 19:03:54-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 192.168.1.1 16.1.1.2 register
R1上查看映射MAP,有R2、R3的
R2上查看MAP,先ping一下R3,就会自动补全MAP ,R3类似
虚拟IP也可以互通
三、R1/4/5为全连的MGRE结构;给R1/4/5分配192.168.2.0网段,走166.1.1.0的链路,都以各自为中心写源地址
查看R1的MAP
R4和R5的MAP
R1配置
[r1]interface Tunnel0/0/1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]source 166.1.1.2
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[r1-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp network-id 66
R4配置
[r4]interface Tunnel0/0/1
[r4-Tunnel0/0/1]ip address 192.168.2.4 255.255.255.0
[r4-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r4-Tunnel0/0/1]source 46.1.1.2
[r4-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[r4-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp network-id 66
[r4-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry 192.168.2.1 166.1.1.2 register
R5配置
[r5]interface Tunnel0/0/1
[r5-Tunnel0/0/1]ip address 192.168.2.5 255.255.255.0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/1]source 56.1.1.2
[r5-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp network-id 66
[r5-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry 192.168.2.1 166.1.1.2 register
[r5-Tunnel0/0/1]nhrp entry 192.168.2.4 46.1.1.2 register
四,所有私有网段可以互相通讯,使用OSPF完成
R1/2/3之间的OSPF协议(星型)
在MGRE中,由于MGRE和GRE均使用tunnel接口,故工作方式均默认为p2p,在普通的GRE中,由于GRE本身就是点到点网络类型,所有p2p工作方式正常;而MGRE为多点的MA环境,再使用p2p工作方式将出现故障:解决办法:修改该网段所有接口为broadcast
由于R1/2/3的网络拓扑为星型;且所有接口的工作方式,均修改为broadcast;由于分支站点之间没有伪广播,无法知道对端的存在,故DR/BDR选举将混乱;只能让中心站点成为DR,没有BDR;
R1/R2/R3配置:
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]area 0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0 //宣告的时Tunnel接口的IP
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic //将R1的伪广播功能打开
[r1]int t0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r2]int t0/0/0
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.3 0.0.0.0
[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
R1/4/5之间的OSPF协议(全连)
由于默认的工作方式还是p2p,所以还是需要手动将所有接口工作方式改成broadcast
R1/4/5的配置
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]are 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.4 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ospf network-type broadcast
r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]are 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.2.5 0.0.0.0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ospf network-type broadcast