虚拟化KVM

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-31 07:39:19 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-05-31 07:39:19 发布

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分类专栏： linux 文章标签：运维 linux 数据库

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虚拟化KVM

什么是虚拟化

虚拟化技术是云计算的根基，在计算机技术中，虚拟化（技术）或虚拟技术（英语：Virtualization）是一种资源管理技术，是将计算机的各种实体资源（CPU、内存、磁盘空间、网络适配器等），予以抽象、转换后呈现出来并可供分割、组合为一个或多个电脑配置环境。由此，打破实体结构间的不可切割的障碍，使用户可以比原本的配置更好的方式来应用这些电脑硬件资源。这些资源的新虚拟部分是不受现有资源的架设方式，地域或物理配置所限制。一般所指的虚拟化资源包括计算(CPU+内存），网络，存储。

虚拟化通过模块的方式来进行分层，使得暴露出来的虚拟资源和物理资源相似。在定义中，只要遵循分层原则，通过这种原则能够抽象出虚拟资源，模块是资源的隔离方式，它保证了虚拟出来的资源不会互相影响。

kvm简介

KVM的全称是Kernel-based Virtual Machine，其是一种基于linux内核的采用硬件辅助虚拟化技术的全虚拟化解决方案。它最初由以色列的初创公司Qumranet开发，并在linux-2.6.20中开始被纳入在linux内核，成为内核源码的一部分。KVM自诞生之初就定位于基于硬件辅助的虚拟化来提供全虚拟化的支持，其以内核模块的形式被加载。加载KVM模块的linux内核相当于变成了一个Hypervisor，同时依赖linux内核提供的各种功能来实现硬件管理，拥有极高的兼容性及可扩展性。

上面提到KVM是作为一个内核模块出现的，所以它还得借助用户空间的程序来和用户进行交互，这就不得不提到大名鼎鼎的QEMU了。QEMU是一套由法布里斯·贝拉(Fabrice Bellard)所编写的以GPL许可证分发源码的模拟处理器，在GNU/Linux平台上使用广泛。其本身是一个纯软件的支持CPU虚拟化、内存虚拟化及I/O虚拟化等功能的用户空间程序。其借助KVM提供的虚拟化支持可以将CPU、内存等虚拟化工作交由KVM处理，自己则处理大多数I/O虚拟化的功能，可以实现极高的虚拟化效率。KVM及QEMU配合使用的整体接口如图1所示。

在这里插入图片描述

部署kvm

环境说明

主机名	ip	系统
zwl	192.168.159.134	centos 8

在这里插入图片描述

//关闭防火墙和selinux
[root@zwl ~]# setenforce 0
[root@zwl ~]# sed -ri 's/^(SELINUX=).*/\1disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
[root@zwl ~]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
//新建分区
[root@zwl ~]# lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda           8:0    0   50G  0 disk
├─sda1        8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2        8:2    0   49G  0 part
  ├─cs-root 253:0    0 45.1G  0 lvm  /
  └─cs-swap 253:1    0    4G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb           8:16   0  200G  0 disk
sr0          11:0    1 10.3G  0 rom
[root@zwl ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 3.2
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) mklabel
New disk label type? msdos
(parted) unit
Unit?  [compact]? MiB
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 204800MiB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:

Number  Start  End  Size  Type  File system  Flags

(parted) mkpart
Partition type?  primary/extended? primary
File system type?  [ext2]? xfs
Start? 10
End? 204790
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 204800MiB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:

Number  Start    End        Size       Type     File system  Flags
 1      10.0MiB  204790MiB  204780MiB  primary  xfs          lba

(parted) q
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.

[root@zwl ~]# udevadm settle
[root@zwl ~]# lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda           8:0    0   50G  0 disk
├─sda1        8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda2        8:2    0   49G  0 part
  ├─cs-root 253:0    0 45.1G  0 lvm  /
  └─cs-swap 253:1    0    4G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sdb           8:16   0  200G  0 disk
└─sdb1        8:17   0  200G  0 part
sr0          11:0    1 10.3G  0 rom
[root@zwl ~]#

//格式化并挂载
[root@zwl ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1
meta-data=/dev/sdb1              isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=13105920 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=1, sparse=1, rmapbt=0
         =                       reflink=1    bigtime=0 inobtcount=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=52423680, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0, ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=25597, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@zwl ~]# blkid /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1: UUID="0dce0ec3-bf10-407a-9eb5-e38d9a73a63a" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="ed8c267b-01"
[root@zwl ~]# mkdir /kvmdata
[root@zwl ~]# vim /etc/fstab
UUID=0dce0ec3-bf10-407a-9eb5-e38d9a73a63a /kvmdata xfs defaults 0 0
[root@zwl ~]# mount -a
[root@zwl ~]# df -Th
Filesystem          Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs            devtmpfs  3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs               tmpfs     3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs               tmpfs     3.8G  9.0M  3.8G   1% /run
tmpfs               tmpfs     3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/cs-root xfs        46G  2.0G   44G   5% /
/dev/sda1           xfs      1014M  211M  804M  21% /boot
tmpfs               tmpfs     774M     0  774M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1           xfs       200G  1.5G  199G   1% /kvmdata
[root@zwl ~]#

//配置yum源
[root@zwl ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  2495  100  2495    0     0  15891      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 15891
[root@zwl ~]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@zwl ~]# yum clean all
//安装所需软件包
[root@zwl ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@zwl ~]# yum -y install vim wget net-tools unzip zip gcc gcc-c++ qemu-kvm  qemu-img virt-manager libvirt libvirt-client virt-install virt-viewer  libguestfs-tools
[root@zwl ~]# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/qemu-kvm-tools-1.5.3-175.el7.x86_64.rpm
--2022-10-07 16:22:39--  http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/qemu-kvm-tools-1.5.3-175.el7.x86_64.rpm
Resolving mirror.centos.org (mirror.centos.org)... 13.233.140.107, 2401:78c0::e00e
Connecting to mirror.centos.org (mirror.centos.org)|13.233.140.107|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 242540 (237K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘qemu-kvm-tools-1.5.3-175.el7.x86_64.rpm’

qemu-kvm-tools-1.5.3-175.el7.x8 100%[=====================================================>] 236.86K   483KB/s    in 0.5s

2022-10-07 16:22:40 (483 KB/s) - ‘qemu-kvm-tools-1.5.3-175.el7.x86_64.rpm’ saved [242540/242540]

[root@zwl ~]# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/libvirt-python-4.5.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
--2022-10-07 16:22:55--  http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/libvirt-python-4.5.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
Resolving mirror.centos.org (mirror.centos.org)... 13.233.140.107, 2401:78c0::e00e
Connecting to mirror.centos.org (mirror.centos.org)|13.233.140.107|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 351160 (343K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘libvirt-python-4.5.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm’

libvirt-python-4.5.0-1.el7.x86_ 100%[=====================================================>] 342.93K   547KB/s    in 0.6s

2022-10-07 16:22:55 (547 KB/s) - ‘libvirt-python-4.5.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm’ saved [351160/351160]

[root@zwl ~]# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/bridge-utils-1.5-9.el7.x86_64.rpm
--2022-10-07 16:23:03--  http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/bridge-utils-1.5-9.el7.x86_64.rpm
Resolving mirror.centos.org (mirror.centos.org)... 13.233.140.107, 2401:78c0::e00e
Connecting to mirror.centos.org (mirror.centos.org)|13.233.140.107|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 32480 (32K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘bridge-utils-1.5-9.el7.x86_64.rpm’

bridge-utils-1.5-9.el7.x86_64.r 100%[=====================================================>]  31.72K  --.-KB/s    in 0.1s

2022-10-07 16:23:04 (247 KB/s) - ‘bridge-utils-1.5-9.el7.x86_64.rpm’ saved [32480/32480]

[root@zwl ~]#
[root@zwl ~]# rpm -ivh --nodeps libvirt-python-4.5.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@zwl ~]# rpm -ivh --nodeps qemu-kvm-tools-1.5.3-175.el7.x86_64.rpm

//验证cpu是否支持kvm，vmx是intel的  svm是AMD的
[root@zwl ~]# egrep -o 'vmx|svm' /proc/cpuinfo
svm
svm
svm
svm
[root@zwl ~]#

//安装kvm
[root@zwl ~]# yum -y install qemu-kvm \
>  qemu-kvm-tools \
>  qemu-img \
>  virt-manager \
>  libvirt \
>  libvirt-python \
>  libvirt-client \
>  virt-install \
>  virt-viewer \
>  bridge-utils \
>  libguestfs-tools

//配置网络
[root@zwl ~]# cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@zwl network-scripts]# cp ifcfg-ens160 ifcfg-br0
[root@zwl network-scripts]# vi ifcfg-br0
TYPE=Bridge
BOOTPROTO=none
NAME=br0
DEVICE=br0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.159.134
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.159.2
DNS1=8.8.8.8
[root@zwl network-scripts]# vim ifcfg-ens160
[root@zwl network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-ens160
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
NAME=ens160
DEVICE=ens160
ONBOOT=yes
BRIDGE=br0
[root@zwl network-scripts]# nmcli c reload
[root@zwl network-scripts]# systemctl restart NetworkManager
[root@zwl network-scripts]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens160: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq master br0 state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:70:77:e7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:70:77:e7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.159.134/24 brd 192.168.159.255 scope global noprefixroute br0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe70:77e7/64 scope link dadfailed tentative
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[root@zwl network-scripts]#
[root@zwl ~]# virsh --version
6.0.0
[root@zwl ~]# virt-install --version
2.2.1
[root@zwl ~]#
//将qemu-kvm这个命令做一个软链接到/usr/bin/qemu-kvm
[root@zwl ~]# ln -s /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm /usr/bin/qemu-kvm
[root@zwl ~]# ll /usr/bin/qemu-kvm
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Oct  7 17:38 /usr/bin/qemu-kvm -> /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm
[root@zwl ~]# brctl show
bridge name     bridge id               STP enabled     interfaces
br0             8000.000c297077e7       no              ens160

KVM管理界面安装

Kvm的web界面是由webvirtmgr程序提供的
//安装依赖包
[root@zwl ~]# yum -y install git python2-pip supervisor nginx python2-devel
[root@zwl ~]# wget http://mirror.centos.org/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.5.x86_64.rpm

//下载webvirtmgr
[root@zwl ~]# wget https://download-ib01.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/p/python-websockify-0.6.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm
--2022-10-07 17:43:14--  https://download-ib01.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/Packages/p/python-websockify-0.6.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm
Resolving download-ib01.fedoraproject.org (download-ib01.fedoraproject.org)... 152.19.134.145, 2600:2701:4000:5211:dead:beef:fe:fed6
Connecting to download-ib01.fedoraproject.org (download-ib01.fedoraproject.org)|152.19.134.145|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 63388 (62K) [application/x-rpm]
Saving to: ‘python-websockify-0.6.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm’

python-websockify-0.6.0-2 100%[==================================>]  61.90K   120KB/s    in 0.5s

2022-10-07 17:43:16 (120 KB/s) - ‘python-websockify-0.6.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm’ saved [63388/63388]

[root@zwl ~]# rpm -ivh --nodeps libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.5.x86_64.rpm
warning: libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7.5     ################################# [100%]
[root@zwl ~]# rpm -ivh --nodeps python-websockify-0.6.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm
warning: python-websockify-0.6.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 352c64e5: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:python-websockify-0.6.0-2.el7    ################################# [100%]
[root@zwl ~]#

//升级pip
[root@zwl ~]# pip2 install --upgrade pip
[root@zwl ~]# pip -V
pip 20.3.4 from /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip (python 2.7)

//从github上下载webvirtmgr代码
[root@zwl ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@zwl src]# git clone http://github.com/retspen/webvirtmgr.git
Cloning into 'webvirtmgr'...
warning: redirecting to https://github.com/retspen/webvirtmgr.git/
remote: Enumerating objects: 5614, done.
remote: Total 5614 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 5614
Receiving objects: 100% (5614/5614), 2.97 MiB | 471.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (3606/3606), done.
[root@zwl src]# ls
webvirtmgr
[root@zwl src]#

//安装webvirtmgr
[root@zwl src]# cd webvirtmgr/
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]# pip install -r requirements.txt

//检查sqlite3是否安装
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]# python3
Python 3.6.8 (default, Jan 19 2022, 23:28:49)
[GCC 8.5.0 20210514 (Red Hat 8.5.0-7)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sqlite3
>>> exit()
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]#

//初始化账号信息
[root@zwl ~]# cd /usr/local/src/webvirtmgr/
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]# python2 manage.py syncdb
WARNING:root:No local_settings file found.
Creating tables ...
Creating table auth_permission
Creating table auth_group_permissions
Creating table auth_group
Creating table auth_user_groups
Creating table auth_user_user_permissions
Creating table auth_user
Creating table django_content_type
Creating table django_session
Creating table django_site
Creating table servers_compute
Creating table instance_instance
Creating table create_flavor

You just installed Django's auth system, which means you don't have any superusers defined.
Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yes     //是否创建超级管理员账号
Username (leave blank to use 'root'):               //指定超级管理员账号用户名，默认留空
Email address: 3012172530@qq.com 
Password:                                           //设置超级管理员密码
Password (again):                                   //再次输入确认超级管理员密码
Superuser created successfully.
Installing custom SQL ...
Installing indexes ...
Installed 6 object(s) from 1 fixture(s)
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]#

//拷贝web网页到指定目录
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]# mkdir /var/www
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]# cp -r /usr/local/src/webvirtmgr/ /var/www/
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]# chown -R nginx.nginx /var/www/webvirtmgr/
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]#

//生成一对公钥与私钥，由于这里webvirtmgr和kvm服务部署在同一台主机中，所以这里本地信任。如果kvm部署在其他机器上的时候，那么就需要把公钥发送到kvm主机中
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:kzll/hllaAwxhtGeXWyi6gWbv5k+1DLrFkLKVzvBTLA root@zwl
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|        o==. .   |
|        .oo+..+  |
|        E=o+++o  |
|        o*O..o   |
|     . oS*.+.    |
|      o *oO..o   |
|       o = *o    |
|        . =o     |
|         +*o     |
+----[SHA256]-----+
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]# ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.159.134
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
The authenticity of host '192.168.159.134 (192.168.159.134)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:w1jC4OTx6KkZbLbuZccFQUen4XI6ScQ+JLHjUalJHgk.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root@192.168.159.134's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@192.168.159.134'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[root@zwl webvirtmgr]#  

//配置端口转发
[root@zwl webvirtmgr]# ssh 192.168.159.134 -L localhost:8000:localhost:8000 -L localhost:6080:localhost:60

//配置nginx
[root@zwl ~]# cp /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf.bak
[root@zwl ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
 
删除listen       [::]:80;行
参数server_name行改成server_name  localhost;
删除root         /usr/share/nginx/html;行
server {
        listen       80 ;
        server_name  localhost;
 
在include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;行下添加
        location / {
                root    html;
                index   index.html index.htm;
        }
                
//配置nginx虚拟主机
[root@zwl ~]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/webvirtmgr.conf
[root@zwl ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/webvirtmgr.conf
server {
    listen 80 default_server;

    server_name $hostname;
    #access_log /var/log/nginx/webvirtmgr_access_log;

    location /static/ {
        root /var/www/webvirtmgr/webvirtmgr;
        expires max;
    }

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $remote_addr;
        proxy_connect_timeout 600;
        proxy_read_timeout 600;
        proxy_send_timeout 600;
        client_max_body_size 1024M;
    }
}

[root@zwl ~]#

//确保bind绑定本机的8000端口
[root@zwl ~]# vim /var/www/webvirtmgr/conf/gunicorn.conf.py
bind = '127.0.0.1:8000'
backlog = 2048
[root@zwl ~]# ss -antl
State     Recv-Q     Send-Q         Local Address:Port         Peer Address:Port    Process
LISTEN    0          128                  0.0.0.0:111               0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          128                  0.0.0.0:80                0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          32             192.168.122.1:53                0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          128                  0.0.0.0:22                0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          128                127.0.0.1:8000              0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          100                  0.0.0.0:6080              0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          128                     [::]:111                  [::]:*
LISTEN    0          128                     [::]:22                   [::]:*
LISTEN    0          128                    [::1]:6080                 [::]:*
LISTEN    0          128                    [::1]:8000                 [::]:*


//设置supervisor
//在文件最后添加如下信息
[root@zwl ~]# vim /etc/supervisord.conf
[program:webvirtmgr]
command=/usr/bin/python2 /var/www/webvirtmgr/manage.py run_gunicorn -c /var/www/webvirtmgr/conf/gunicorn.conf.py
directory=/var/www/webvirtmgr
autostart=true
autorestart=true
logfile=/var/log/supervisor/webvirtmgr.log
log_stderr=true
user=nginx
 
[program:webvirtmgr-console]
command=/usr/bin/python2 /var/www/webvirtmgr/console/webvirtmgr-console
directory=/var/www/webvirtmgr
autostart=true
autorestart=true
stdout_logfile=/var/log/supervisor/webvirtmgr-console.log
redirect_stderr=true
user=nginx
[root@zwl ~]# vim /etc/supervisord.conf
[root@zwl ~]# systemctl restart supervisord.service
[root@zwl ~]# systemctl enable supervisord.service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/supervisord.service → /usr/lib/systemd/system/supervisord.service.
[root@zwl ~]#

//配置nginx用户
[root@zwl ~]# su - nginx -s /bin/bash
[nginx@zwl ~]$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/var/lib/nginx/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:E/ebx3idj64JaKmnPMClw1tF7RwzuLuA7Kdc1RK07Zo nginx@zwl
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|        .o       |
|       .oo=      |
|       .++o+     |
|      . o*o.     |
|   + + .S.o .    |
|    O o..B   = ..|
|   . =..E.. + +..|
|   .ooooo  . + ..|
|    oo++    ooo .|
+----[SHA256]-----+
[nginx@zwl ~]$ touch ~/.ssh/config
[nginx@zwl ~]$ echo -e "StrictHostKeyChecking=no\nUserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null" >> ~/.ssh/config
[nginx@zwl ~]$ chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/config
[nginx@zwl ~]$ ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub root@192.168.159.134
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/var/lib/nginx/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.159.134' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.159.134's password:

Number of key(s) added: 1

Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'root@192.168.159.134'"
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.

[nginx@zwl ~]$

//验证基于密钥认证是否成功
[nginx@zwl ~]$ ssh root@192.168.159.134
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.159.134' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
Last login: Fri Oct  7 18:03:24 2022 from 192.168.159.134
[root@zwl ~]# exit
logout
Connection to 192.168.159.134 closed.
[nginx@zwl ~]$ exit
logout
[root@zwl ~]# vim /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/50-libvirt-remote-access.pkla
[root@zwl ~]# cat /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/50-libvirt-remote-access.pkla
[Remote libvirt SSH access]
Identity=unix-user:root
Action=org.libvirt.unix.manage
ResultAny=yes
ResultInactive=yes
ResultActive=yes
[root@zwl ~]#
[root@zwl ~]# chown -R root.root /etc/polkit-1/localauthority/50-local.d/50-libvirt-remote-access.pkla
[root@zwl ~]# systemctl restart nginx.service
[root@zwl ~]# systemctl restart libvirtd
[root@zwl ~]# ss -antl
State     Recv-Q     Send-Q         Local Address:Port         Peer Address:Port    Process
LISTEN    0          128                  0.0.0.0:111               0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          128                  0.0.0.0:80                0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          32             192.168.122.1:53                0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          128                  0.0.0.0:22                0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          128                127.0.0.1:8000              0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          100                  0.0.0.0:6080              0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN    0          128                     [::]:111                  [::]:*
LISTEN    0          128                     [::]:22                   [::]:*
LISTEN    0          128                    [::1]:6080                 [::]:*
LISTEN    0          128                    [::1]:8000                 [::]:*
[root@zwl ~]#

web界面登录

在这里插入图片描述

[root@zwl ~]# yum -y install novnc
[root@zwl ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@zwl ~]# echo "nohup novnc_server 192.168.100.100:5920 &" >> /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@zwl ~]# . /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@zwl ~]# nohup: ignoring input and appending output to 'nohup.out'

在这里插入图片描述

啊风z

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虚拟化KVM

KVM的全称是Kernel-based Virtual Machine，其是一种基于linux内核的采用硬件辅助虚拟化技术的全虚拟化解决方案。它最初由以色列的初创公司Qumranet开发，并在linux-2.6.20中开始被纳入在linux内核，成为内核源码的一部分。KVM自诞生之初就定位于基于硬件辅助的虚拟化来提供全虚拟化的支持，其以内核模块的形式被加载。加载KVM模块的linux内核相当于变成了一个Hypervisor，同时依赖linux内核提供的各种功能来实现硬件管理，拥有极高的兼容性及可扩展性。
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