OSPF综合实验

tretreet

已于 2024-03-23 21:50:25 修改

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文章标签：网络

于 2023-07-12 20:48:23 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_68498873/article/details/131659718

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要求：

1.如图连接，合理规划IP地址，所有路由器各自创建一个loopback接口
2.R1再创建三个接口IP地址为201.1.1.1/24、201.1.2.1/24、201.1.3.1/24
R5再创建三个接口IP地址为202.1.1.1/24、202.1.2.1/24、202.1.3.1/24
R7再创建三个接口IP地址为203.1.1.1/24、203.1.2.1/24、203.1.3.1/24
3.如图运行路由协议
R1 -R2 -R3之间使用MGRE网络，为hub-spoke 网络结构，R1为hub端，
部署OSPF网络,MGRE修改为BMA网络类型
4.area 1 区域不得出现4.5类LSA
5.其他区域优先通过R3访问R1 三个环回接口
6.尽量减少路由条目数量
7.area 1 区域增加安全性

8.全网可达

一、拓扑设计、配置IP地址

[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 18.1.1.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 1.1.1.1 24

[r2]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 2.2.2.2 24
[r2-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 28.1.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s4/0/0
[r2-Serial4/0/0]ip address 24.1.1.1 24

[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 38.1.1.2 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.1 24
[r3-Serial4/0/0]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 3.3.3.3 24

[r4]int s4/0/0
[r4-Serial4/0/0]ip address 24.1.1.2 24
[r4-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[r4-Serial4/0/1]ip address 34.1.1.2 24
[r4-Serial4/0/1]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 45.1.1.1 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 46.1.1.1 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 24

[r5]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 45.1.1.2 24
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 5.5.5.5 24

[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 46.1.1.2 24
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 67.1.1.1 24
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip address 6.6.6.6 24

[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 67.1.1.2 24
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip address 7.7.7.7 24

[r8]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 18.1.1.2 24
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 28.1.1.1 24
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 38.1.1.1 24
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip address 8.8.8.8 24

二、R1再创建三个接口IP地址为201.1.1.1/24、201.1.2.1/24、201.1.3.1/24
R5再创建三个接口IP地址为202.1.1.1/24、202.1.2.1/24、202.1.3.1/24
R7再创建三个接口IP地址为203.1.1.1/24、203.1.2.1/24、203.1.3.1/24

[r1]int lo1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip address 201.1.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack1]int lo2
[r1-LoopBack2]ip address 201.1.2.1 24
[r1-LoopBack2]int lo3
[r1-LoopBack3]ip address 201.1.3.1 24

[r5]int lo1
[r5-LoopBack1]ip address 202.1.1.1 24
[r5-LoopBack1]int lo2
[r5-LoopBack2]ip address 202.1.2.1 24
[r5-LoopBack2]int lo3
[r5-LoopBack3]ip address 202.1.3.1 24

[r7]int lo1
[r7-LoopBack1]ip address 203.1.1.1 24
[r7-LoopBack1]int lo2
[r7-LoopBack2]ip address 203.1.2.1 24
[r7-LoopBack2]int lo3
[r7-LoopBack3]ip address 203.1.3.1 24

三、R1 -R2 -R3之间使用MGRE网络，为hub-spoke 网络结构，R1为hub端，
部署OSPF网络,MGRE修改为BMA网络类型

1.在R1,R2,R3上配置缺省指向R8

[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 18.1.1.2
[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 28.1.1.1
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 38.1.1.1

2.启用MGRE

[r1]int t0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 100.1.1.1 24
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 18.1.1.1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic

[r2]int t0/0/0
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 100.1.1.2 24
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]source 28.1.1.2
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 100.1.1.1 18.1.1.1 register

[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 100.1.1.3 24
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 38.1.1.2
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 100.1.1.1 18.1.1.1 register

R1,R2,R3进行ospf配置，修改网络类型

[r1]ospf 100 router-id 91.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-100]area 0
[r1-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r1-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 201.1.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r1-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 100.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r1-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r1-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r1-LoopBack1]ospf network-type broadcast
[r1-LoopBack1]int lo2
[r1-LoopBack2]ospf network-type broadcast
[r1-LoopBack2]int lo3
[r1-LoopBack3]ospf network-type broadcast
[r1]int t0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[r2]ospf 100 router-id 92.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-100]area 0
[r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 100.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r2]int t0/0/0
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[r2-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

[r3]ospf 100 router-id 93.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-100]area 0
[r3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 100.1.1.3 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r3]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

area 1中配置

[r2-ospf-100]area 1
[r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]network 24.1.1.1 0.0.0.0

[r3-ospf-100]area 1
[r3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]network 34.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0

[r4]ospf 100 router-id 94.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-100]area 1
[r4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]network 24.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]network 34.1.1.2 0.0.0.0

area 2 中配置

[r4-ospf-100]area 2
[r4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.2]network 46.1.1.1 0.0.0.0

[r6]ospf 100 router-id 96.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-100]area 2
[r6-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.2]network 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0
[r6-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.2]network 46.1.1.2 0.0.0.0

RIP 100区域配置

[r6]rip 100
[r6-rip-100]ver 2
[r6-rip-100]network 67.0.0.0

[r7]rip 100
[r7-rip-100]ver 2
[r7-rip-100]network 67.0.0.0
[r7-rip-100]network 7.0.0.0
[r7-rip-100]network 203.1.1.0
[r7-rip-100]network 203.1.2.0
[r7-rip-100]network 203.1.3.0

RIP 200区域配置

[r4]rip 200
[r4-rip-200]ver 2
[r4-rip-200]network 45.0.0.0

[r5]rip 200
[r5-rip-200]ver 2
[r5-rip-200]network 45.0.0.0
[r5-rip-200]network 5.0.0.0
[r5-rip-200]network 202.1.1.0
[r5-rip-200]network 202.1.2.0
[r5-rip-200]network 202.1.3.0

在R4,R6上进行重发布，配置rip缺省

[r4-ospf-100]import-route rip 200
[r4-rip-200]default-route originate

[r6-ospf-100]import-route rip 100
[r6-rip-100]default-route originate

由于area 2不与骨干区域相连，需要将不规则区域进行处理使其与骨干区域连接，且不得出现4,5类LSA所以需要将area 1 设置为stub特殊区域。用隧道建立延长area 0 区域使area 0 区域连接到area 2 区域

建立R2,R3对R4的隧道

[r2]int t0/0/1
[r2-Tunnel0/0/1]ip address 10.1.1.1 24
[r2-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre
[r2-Tunnel0/0/1]source 2.2.2.2
[r2-Tunnel0/0/1]description 4.4.4.4

[r4]int t0/0/0
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 24
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]source 4.4.4.4
[r4-Tunnel0/0/0]description 2.2.2.2

[r3]int t0/0/1
[r3-Tunnel0/0/1]ip address 20.1.1.1 24
[r3-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre
[r3-Tunnel0/0/1]source 3.3.3.3
[r3-Tunnel0/0/1]description 4.4.4.4

[r4]int t0/0/1
[r4-Tunnel0/0/1]ip address 20.1.1.2 24
[r4-Tunnel0/0/1]tunnel-protocol gre
[r4-Tunnel0/0/1]source 4.4.4.4
[r4-Tunnel0/0/1]description 3.3.3.3

将隧道地址通告到area 0 中，延长area 0区域

[r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 20.1.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.1.1.2 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]network 20.1.1.2 0.0.0.0

四、area 1 区域不得出现4.5类LSA

将area 1区域设置为nssa

[r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]nssa

[r3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]nssa

[r4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]nssa

[r4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]nssa no-import-route

五、其他区域优先通过R3访问R1 三个环回接口，尽量减少路由条目数量

改变开销值

[r2]ospf 100
[r2-ospf-100]area 0
[r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 201.1.0.0 255.255.252.0 cost 10
[r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 cost 10

[r3]ospf 100
[r3-ospf-100]area 0
[r3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 201.1.0.0 255.255.252.0 cost 5
[r3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 1.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 cost 5

[r4-ospf-100]asbr-summary 202.1.0.0 255.255.252.0
[r6-ospf-100]asbr-summary 203.1.0.0 255.255.252.0

配置空接口，避免环路

[r2]ip route-static 201.1.0.0 22 NULL 0
[r3]ip route-static 201.1.0.0 22 NULL 0
[r4]ip route-static 202.1.0.0 22 NULL 0
[r6]ip route-static 203.1.0.0 22 NULL 0

六、area 1 区域增加安全性

配置区域认证

[r2-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
[r3-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
[r4-ospf-100-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123