专业英语雨课堂

专业英语

13章

pseudocode 伪代码

logic structure 1. selection选择 2. loop循环 3. Sequential顺序

Object-oriented 面向对象

An interpreter翻译器 converts and runs the procedural language one statement at a time into machine code 将过程语言转换为机器代码，一次运行一个语句

A compiler编译器 converts the procedural language one statement at a time
一次转换一个语句的过程语言

Program flowcharts 程序流程图

Portable便携式 languages can be run on more than one kind of computer.语言可以在多种计算机上运行。

Assembly 汇编These second-generation languages use abbreviations or mnemonics that are automatically converted to the appropriate sequence of 1s and 0s. ()这些第二代语言使用缩写或助记符，这些缩写或助记符会自动转换为适当的 1 和 0 序列。

machine机器These first-generation languages of 1 and 0.

syntax 语法

top-down 自上而下Using structured programming techniques, the program’s processing steps can be identified using ____ program design.
使用结构化编程技术，可以使用 ____ 程序设计来识别程序的处理步骤。

CASE 箱Which of the following refers to tools that are used to provide some assistance in designing, coding, and testing software? ()
以下哪项是指用于在设计、编码和测试软件方面提供一些帮助的工具？()

Problem and constraint 问题和制约因素This type of language uses natural languages to allow humans to communicate more directly to a computer. ()
这种类型的语言使用自然语言，使人类能够更直接地与计算机进行交流。()

Modules 模块These consist of logically related programming statements. ()它们由逻辑相关的编程语句组成。()

Maintenance 维护

Program specification 程序规范The program’s objectives, outputs, inputs, and processing requirements are determined during this step. ()
程序的目标、输出、输入和处理要求在此步骤中确定。()

Activities in the program maintenance area fall under two categories: operations and changing needs.
程序维护领域的活动分为两类：操作和不断变化的需求。

The defining of tasks that are required for input data to be processed into output is part of the processing requirements step.
定义要将输入数据处理为输出所需的任务是处理需求步骤的一部分。

The report at the end of the program design step typically consists of pseudocode, flowcharts, and logic structures. ( ) 程序设计步骤结束时的报告通常由伪代码、流程图和逻辑结构组成。( )

Program documentation is intended only for end users. ( ) 程序文档仅供最终用户使用。( )X

For an attempt at translation to work as a form of the testing process, the program must be free of logic errors to be able to run. ( ) 为了尝试将翻译作为测试过程的一种形式，程序必须没有逻辑错误才能运行。( )√

12章

suggest alternative solutions建议替代解决方案An important aspect of the preliminary investigation phase is to .初步调查阶段的一个重要方面是。

parallel 平行The _____ approach to systems implementation is used only in cases in which the cost of failure or of interrupted operation is great.
系统实施的_____方法仅在故障或中断运行成本高的情况下使用。

Automated design tools 自动化设计工具These tools, also called computer-aided software engineering (CASE. tools, are used in system analysis to evaluate alternative hardware and software solutions. ()这些工具也称为计算机辅助软件工程（CASE.工具），用于系统分析，以评估替代硬件和软件解决方案。()

Pilot approach 试点方法This conversion approach is preferred when there are many people in an organization performing similar operations. ()
当组织中有许多人执行类似的操作时，首选此转换方法。()

Grid chart 网格图This shows the relationship between input and output documents. ()
这显示了输入文档和输出文档之间的关系。()

• Systems maintenance 系统维护
• Preliminary investigation初步调查
• Systems development 系统开发
• Systems implementation 系统实施

Top-down analysis method 自上而下的分析方法Which of the following is used to identify the components of a complex system and makes each component easier to analyze and deal with? ()
以下哪项用于识别复杂系统的组件，并使每个组件更易于分析和处理？()

Prototyping 成型This is the process of building a model that can be modified before the actual system is installed. ()这是构建模型的过程，该模型可以在安装实际系统之前进行修改。()

conversion type 转换类型Selecting the ____ is the first step in implementing a new system.
选择 ____ 是实施新系统的第一步。

phased 相 控In general, the pilot and ____ approaches are the most favored conversion approaches.
一般来说，试点和 ____ 方法是最受欢迎的转换方法。

six phase:1.preliminary investigation初步调查 2.analysis 分析 3.design 设计 4.development 开发 5.implementation实施 6.maintenance 维护

11章

Application generation 应用程序生成In this subsystem, a user can create data entry forms. ()
在此子系统中，用户可以创建数据输入表单。()

• field 字段

• Class 类

• Entity 实体

• Method 方法

• Attribute 属性

• Data integrity 数据完整性

• Data redundancy 数据完整性

character 字符The most basic logical element of data is a .
数据最基本的逻辑元素是。

dictionary 字典The data ____ or schema contains a description of the structure of data in the database.
数据 ____ 或架构包含对数据库中数据结构的描述。

processing 加工The duties of a database administrator include determining which people have access to what kinds of data in the database; these are referred to as ____ rights.
数据库管理员的职责包括确定哪些人有权访问数据库中的哪些类型的数据;这些被称为 ____ 权利。

Conceptualization 概念化Which of the following is an advantage of using multidimensional databases? ()
以下哪项是使用多维数据库的优势？()

hierarchical 层次

**LexisNexis（律商联讯）**This commercial database offers news and information on legal, public records, and business issues. ()
这个商业数据库提供有关法律、公共记录和商业问题的新闻和信息。()

query-by-example 按示例查询The analysis tools associated with the data manipulation subsystem that support querying databases include ____ and structured query languages ().
与支持查询数据库的数据操作子系统关联的分析工具包括 ____ 和结构化查询语言 （）。

network 网络In a ____ database, a node may be reached through more than one path with the help of pointers.
在 ____ 数据库中，借助指针可以通过多个路径访问一个节点。

Individual databases are the foundation of management information systems. ( ) 个人数据库是管理信息系统的基础。( )X

In an object-oriented database, attributes are specific instances of a class that can contain both data and instructions to manipulate the data. ( ) 在面向对象的数据库中，属性是类的特定实例，可以包含数据和操作数据的指令。( )X

10章

Balance sheet 资产负债表This lists the assets, liabilities, and the equity of an organization. ()
这列出了组织的资产、负债和权益。()

Supervisory 监督_-level information flow is primarily vertical.
____级信息流主要是垂直的。

Supervisors 主管

decision support 决策支持Common names for computer-based information systems are transaction processing, management information, , and executive support systems.
基于计算机的信息系统的通用名称是事务处理、管理信息、____ 和执行支持系统。

inventory control system 库存控制系统

general ledger 总账

periodic reports定期报告

9章

Cyberbullying 网络欺凌

Cracker 黑客（恶意的）

zombies 僵尸Computers infected by a virus, worm, or Trojan horse that allows them to be remotely controlled for malicious purposes are called ____.
受病毒、蠕虫或特洛伊木马感染的计算机，允许出于恶意目的对其进行远程控制，称为 ____。

WPA2 WPA2型Which of the following is the most widely used wireless network encryption for home wireless networks? () 以下哪项是家庭无线网络使用最广泛的无线网络加密？()

Phishing 网络钓鱼

Keylogger 键盘记录Which type of program would likely be used by investigators to record a potential suspect’s Internet activities? ()
调查人员可能会使用哪种类型的程序来记录潜在嫌疑人的互联网活动？()

Copyright 版权

Plagiarism 剽窃

spyware 间谍软件Programs used to secretly record an individual’s activities on the Internet are called .
用于秘密记录个人在互联网上的活动的程序称为。

firewall 防火墙

Internet scam 网络诈骗

Rogue 流氓This type of Wi-Fi hotspot operates close to a legitimate Wi-Fi hotspot and steals information such as usernames and passwords.()
这种类型的 Wi-Fi 热点在合法的 Wi-Fi 热点附近运行，并窃取用户名和密码等信息。()

Encryption 加密

DoS attack DoS 攻击A ____ attempts to slow down or stop a computer system or network by sending repetitive requests for information.
____ 试图通过发送重复的信息请求来减慢或停止计算机系统或网络的速度。

Biometric生物识别

8章

gateway 网关A network ____ is a device that allows one LAN to be linked to other LANs or to larger networks.
网络 ____ 是一种允许将一个 LAN 链接到其他 LAN 或更大的网络的设备。

extranet 外联网

intranet 内联网

• Fiber-optic cable 光缆
• Coaxial cable 同轴电缆

bandwidth 带宽 Broadband 宽带 topology拓扑

Mesh 网This type of network topology does not use a specific physical layout. ()
这种类型的网络拓扑不使用特定的物理布局。()

switch 交换机The ____ is the central node that coordinates the flow of data by sending messages directly between the sender and receiver nodes.
____ 是中心节点，它通过直接在发送方和接收方节点之间发送消息来协调数据流。

Proxy 代理All communications between a company’s internal networks and the outside world pass through this server. ()
公司内部网络与外部世界之间的所有通信都通过此服务器。()

Uplink 上行____ is a term relating to sending data to a satellite.
____ 是与向卫星发送数据有关的术语。

Packetization 数据包化____ is the process of breaking down information sent or transmitted across the Internet into small parts.
____ 是将通过 Internet 发送或传输的信息分解为小部分的过程。

Network architecture 网络架构__ describes how a network is arranged and how resources are coordinated and shared.
____ 描述了网络的排列方式以及资源的协调和共享方式。

Connection devices 连接设备In a communication system, which among the following convert messages into packets that can travel across the communication channel? ()
在通信系统中，以下哪项将消息转换为可以跨通信信道传输的数据包？()

Demodulation 解调____ is the name of the process of converting from analog to digital.
____ 是从模拟转换为数字的过程的名称。

Modulation 调制

6、7章

Digital 数字____ is any data or instructions that are entered into a computer.
____ 是输入计算机的任何数据或指令。

Virtual 虚拟Type of keyboard that uses a touch screen as the input device. ()
使用触摸屏作为输入设备的键盘类型。()

toggle 切换A keyboard key, like Caps Lock, which turns a feature on or off is called a ____ key.
打开或关闭功能的键盘键（如 Caps Lock）称为 ____ 键。

Stylus 电容笔手写笔

Ergonomics 人类工程学The study of human factors related to things people use. ()
研究与人们使用的东西有关的人为因素。()

MICR MICRThis reading device is used in banks to read the numbers on the bottom of checks and deposit slips. ()
这种读取设备在银行用于读取支票和存款单底部的数字。()

OMR光学标记识别Which of the following types of character recognition systems is used for standardized multiple-choice testing? ()
以下哪种类型的字符识别系统用于标准化多项选择测试？()

character and mark recognition devices字符和标记识别设备OMR, OCR, and MICR are all types of ____.OMR、OCR 和 MICR 都是 ____ 的类型。

pixels 像素

Resolution 分辨率

Clock speed 时钟速度

Dot pitch 点间距

Aspect ratio 纵横比

personal and shared 个人和共享Two categories of laser printers are .
激光打印机有两类是。

Duplex 双工

VR controllers VR控制器Which of the following have sensors that collect data about your hand movements? ()
以下哪项具有收集有关您手部运动的数据的传感器？()

optical scanners 光学扫描仪Flatbed, document, and portable are types of ____ that accept documents and convert them into machine-readable form.
平板、文档和便携式是接受文档并将其转换为机器可读形式的 ____ 类型。

RFID 无线射频识别____ tags are tiny chips that can be embedded into almost anything and contain information used to track and locate lost pets; to monitor production and update inventory; to record prices, product descriptions, and locations of retail items.
____ 标签是微小的芯片，几乎可以嵌入到任何东西中，并包含用于跟踪和定位丢失宠物的信息;监控生产和更新库存;记录零售商品的价格、产品描述和位置。

Laser 激光 printers use a technology similar to that used in a photocopying machine.
___ 打印机使用的技术类似于复印机中使用的技术。

Plotters 绘图仪

additive manufacturing 增材制造3D printers, also known as , create three-dimensional shapes by adding very thin layer after layer of material until the final shape is fully formed.
3D打印机，也称为，通过添加一层又一层非常薄的材料来创建三维形状，直到最终形状完全成型。

RSIA ____ is any injury that is caused by fast, repetitive work that can generate neck, wrist, hand, and arm pain.
____ 是由快速、重复性工作引起的任何伤害，可引起颈部、手腕、手部和手臂疼痛。

**Microphone麦克风 ** Webcams网络摄像头

Thermal printers are widely used with ATMs.
热敏打印机广泛用于自动取款机。
cylinders 柱面

tracks 磁道

paths 路径

sectors 分区

Network drives 网络驱动器____are a popular solution for individuals and businesses where access speed is not essential, but capacity and durability are crucial.

____ 是个人和企业的流行解决方案，在这些解决方案中，访问速度不是必需的，但容量和耐用性至关重要。

nonvolatile storage 非易失性存储

use file compression 使用文件压缩One way to improve the storage capacity of a hard disk is to ____.
提高硬盘存储容量的一种方法是 ____。

**disk caching, hybrid drives, RAID, and file compression.磁盘缓存、混合驱动器、RAID 和文件压缩。**Four ways to improve the performance of a hard disk include ()
提高硬盘性能的四种方法包括 （）

Digital versatile disc 数字多功能光盘Which of these is not an example of solid-state storage? ()
以下哪项不是固态存储的例子？()

Flash memory card 闪存卡Cell phones use which of these storage technologies? ()
手机使用这些存储技术中的哪一种？()

have no moving parts 没有活动部件Solid-state storage devices are different than hard disks in that they ____.
固态存储设备与硬盘的不同之处在于它们 ____。

RAID Due to its expanded storage capability, fast access speed, and high reliability, ____ is often used by Internet servers and large organizations.
由于其扩展的存储容量、快速的访问速度和高可靠性，____ 经常被 Internet 服务器和大型组织使用。

versatile多功能DVD stands for digital ____ disc.
DVD 代表数字 ____ 光盘。

capacity容量

USB drives are also known as flash drives.
USB 驱动器也称为闪存驱动器。

5章

Multicore processors 多核处理器

Coprocessors 协处理器

Cryptoprocessor 加密处理器

USB port USB端口Which of the following can be used to connect several devices to the system unit and are widely used to connect keyboards, mice, printers, storage devices, and a variety of specialty devices? ()
以下哪项可用于将多个设备连接到系统单元，并广泛用于连接键盘、鼠标、打印机、存储设备和各种专用设备？()

USB-C USB-C 接口____ ports are audiovisual ports typically used to connect large monitors.
____ 端口是通常用于连接大型显示器的视听端口。

Wireless network cards 无线网卡____ allow computers to be connected without cables.
____ 允许在没有电缆的情况下连接计算机。

clock speed 时钟速度The processing speed of a microprocessor is typically represented by its ____.
微处理器的处理速度通常由其 ____ 表示。

FireWire 火线____ ports provide high-speed connections to specialized devices such as camcorders and storage devices.
____ 端口提供与专用设备（如摄像机和存储设备）的高速连接。

cache memory 缓存内存Frequently accessed information is held in ____.
经常访问的信息保存在 ____ 中。

Word 字Term used to describe the number of bits that a CPU can access at one time. ()
用于描述 CPU 一次可以访问的位数的术语。()

ethernets 以太网Most desktop and laptop computers come with a standard set of ports for connecting ____, such as a monitor and keyboard.
大多数台式机和笔记本电脑都带有一组用于连接 ____ 的标准端口，例如显示器和键盘。

Virtual 虚拟___ memory uses the hard drive to substitute for RAM.
____内存使用硬盘代替RAM。

Ethernet 以太网____ ports are the standard high-speed networking ports for many of today’s computers.
____ 端口是当今许多计算机的标准高速网络端口。

parallel processing 并行处理For multicore processors to be used effectively, computers must understand how to divide tasks into parts that can be distributed across each core—an operation called .
为了有效地使用多核处理器，计算机必须了解如何将任务划分为可以分布在每个内核上的部分，这种操作称为。

Coprocessors 协处理器These specialty chips are designed to improve specific computing operations such as displaying 3-D images and encrypting data. ()
这些专用芯片旨在改进特定的计算操作，例如显示 3D 图像和加密数据。()

CISC Which of the following is not a character encoding standard? ()
以下哪项不是字符编码标准？()

chip carriers 芯片载体Integrated circuits typically are mounted on ____, which are then plugged into the system board.
集成电路通常安装在____上，然后插入系统板。

Wirelessnetworkcardsallow computers to be connected without cables.
无线允许在没有电缆的情况下连接计算机。

microprocessorIn most personal computer systems, the CPU is contained on a single chip called the microprocessor.
在大多数个人计算机系统中，CPU包含在称为微处理器的单个芯片上。

ports are audiovisual ports typically used to connect large monitors. They are popular on gaming computers with high-end graphics cards.
Display 端口是通常用于连接大型显示器的视听端口。它们在配备高端显卡的游戏计算机上很受欢迎。

The ALU tells the rest of the computer system how to carry out a program’s instructions. ( ) ALU 告诉计算机系统的其余部分如何执行程序的指令。( )X

HDMI ports make it possible to use a computer as a video jukebox or an HD video recorder. ( ) HDMI 端口可以将计算机用作视频点唱机或高清录像机。( )

4章

Utilities 通用软件____ are specialized programs designed to make computing easier.
____ 是旨在使计算更容易的专用程序。

Antivirus 防病毒____ programs guard your computer system against viruses or other damaging programs that can invade your computer system.
____ 程序保护您的计算机系统免受病毒或其他可能侵入计算机系统的破坏性程序的侵害。

real-time 实时Cell phone operating systems are a type of ____ operating system.
手机操作系统是 ____ 操作系统的一种。

Stand-alone 独立____ operating systems control a single desktop or laptop computer.
____ 操作系统控制一台台式机或笔记本电脑。

backup 备份

network 网络Windows Server is an example of a() ____ operating system.
Windows Server 是 （） ____ 操作系统的一个示例。

multitasking 多任务Most operating systems support the ability to switch between different applications. This is called .
大多数操作系统都支持在不同应用程序之间切换的功能。这称为。

Host 主机In a virtualized environment, this operating system runs on the physical machine. ()
在虚拟化环境中，此操作系统在物理机上运行。()

utility Antivirus programs, backup programs, and virtual assistants are all examples of ____ programs.
防病毒程序、备份程序和虚拟助手都是 ____ 程序的示例。

Monterey 蒙特雷This version of macOS includes the ability to control multiple devices from one keyboard and mouse, improved videoconferencing tools, and ways to customize notifications to reduce distractions when working. ()
此版本的 macOS 包括从一个键盘和鼠标控制多个设备的功能、改进的视频会议工具以及自定义通知以减少工作时分心的方法。()

Cortana 小娜Microsoft Windows 10 has the virtual assistant:
Microsoft Windows 10具有虚拟助手：

Providing Internet access提供 Internet 接入Which of the following is not a function of the operating system? ()
以下哪项不是操作系统的功能？()

Troubleshooting 故障排除

Windows Server is an example of a network network operating system.
Windows Server 是网络操作系统的一个示例。

Starting or restarting a computer is called tasking the system. () 启动或重新启动计算机称为系统任务。()X

3章

authoring 创作Creating a website is called web ____.
创建网站称为 web ____。

Vector 向量This type of image is made up of geometric shapes or objects. ()
这种类型的图像由几何形状或对象组成。()

specialized 专业As opposed to general-purpose applications, which are widely used in nearly every discipline, ____ applications are more narrowly focused.
与几乎在每个学科中广泛使用的通用应用程序相反，____ 应用程序的重点更窄。

Desktop publishing 桌上出版Programs that allow you to mix text and graphics and focus on flexible page design and layout. ()
允许您混合文本和图形并专注于灵活的页面设计和布局的程序。()

tags标签 ribbon 功能分区

Illustration programs 插画程序These programs are used to create and edit vector images. ()
这些程序用于创建和编辑矢量图像。()

Bitmap 位图Image editors edit images consisting of thousands of pixels that form this type of image. ()
图像编辑器编辑由数千个像素组成的图像，这些像素构成了这种类型的图像。()

Web authoring programs that allow you to build a page without interacting directly with HTML code are known as WYSIWYG editors.
允许您在不直接与 HTML 代码交互的情况下构建页面的 Web 制作程序称为 所见即所得编辑器 。

Templates are used to quickly create a presentation by providing predesigned styles and layouts as well as suggested content based on the type you choose.演示文稿模板用于通过提供预先设计的样式和布局以及基于您选择的类型的建议内容来快速创建演示文稿

Worksheets are only used for limited types of applications in certain professions. ( ) 工作表仅用于某些职业的有限类型的应用程序。( )X

What-if analysis is a very powerful and simple tool to test the effects of different assumptions in a spreadsheet. ( ) 假设分析是一个非常强大和简单的工具，用于测试电子表格中不同假设的影响。( )√

Functions, formulas, charts, and what-if analysis are common features of database management systems. ( ) 函数、公式、图表和假设分析是数据库管理系统的常见功能。( )X

Cloud suites are stored on your hard drive and are available anywhere you can access the Internet. ( )云套件存储在您的硬盘上，可在您可以访问 Internet 的任何地方使用。( )X

Microsoft applications use an interface with traditional menus and toolbars. ( ) Microsoft 应用程序使用带有传统菜单和工具栏的界面。( )X

2章

BitTorrentThis method of file transfer distributes file transfers across many different computers.____
这种文件传输方法将文件传输分布在许多不同的computers.___________ messaging is Text 发短信the process of sending short electronic messages using a wireless network.____
_______消息传递是使用无线network.____发送短电子消息的过程

C2CThis type of e-commerce often resembles the electronic version of the classified ads or an auction.____
这种类型的电子商务通常类似于分类广告的电子版本或auction.____

domain 域

ARPANET 阿帕网Launched in 1969 as a U.S.-funded project that developed a national computer network, the Internet was initially called .
互联网于1969年启动，是美国资助的一个项目，旨在开发一个国家计算机网络，最初被称为____。

Wiki 维基Which of the following is a website specially designed to allow visitors to use their browser to add, edit, or delete the site’s content?____
以下哪项是专门设计用于允许访问者使用浏览器添加、编辑或删除网站内容的网站？

spam 垃圾邮件Unsolicited e-mail is called _.
未经请求的电子邮件称为 _.

physical network 物理网络The Internet is a ____blank made up of wires, cables, satellites, and rules for exchanging information between computers connected to the network.
互联网是由电线、电缆、卫星和规则组成的________blank，用于在连接到network.____的计算机之间交换信息

search engine 搜索引擎The ______ compares your entry against its database and returns the result, a list of sites on that topic.____
______将您的条目与其数据库进行比较，并返回结果，即该topic.____上的站点列表

client-based e-mail system基于客户端的电子邮件系统Apple’s Mail and Microsoft’s Outlook are examples of a ____.
Apple 的 Mail 和 Microsoft 的 Outlook 是 ____ 的例子。

Podcasts 播客______ are audio programs delivered over the Internet.____
______通过Internet.____提供的音频节目

Web auction 网上拍卖In a() ____ sellers post descriptions of products at a website and buyers submit bids electronically.
在（）中，卖家在网站上发布产品描述，买家以电子方式提交出价。Microblog 微博Twitter is an example of what type of site? Twitter 是哪种类型的网站的一个例子？____

fast 快"Wiki" comes from the Hawaiian word for .
“Wiki”来自夏威夷语，意为____。

1991The Web was introduced in ____.
Web 于 ________ 年推出。

**top-level domain (TLD) 顶级域名 （TLD）**In the URL “http://www.simnetonline.com,” “.com” is the ____.在 URL“http://www.simnetonline.com”中，“.com”是。

Spiders 蜘蛛These special automated programs continually look for new information and update the databases used by search services.____
这些特殊的自动化程序不断寻找新信息并更新搜索services.____使用的数据库

hyperlinks 超链接References and ________ connect to other documents or web pages containing related information.____
参考文献和________连接到包含相关information.____的其他文档或网页

wireless connectivity 无线连接Which of the following is not one of the three basic components of cloud computing?____
以下哪项不是云计算的三个基本组成部分之一？

For browsers to connect to resources on the Internet, the location of the resources must be specified through addresses called URLs.要使浏览器连接到 Internet 上的资源，必须通过称为 URL 的地址指定资源的位置。

The most common way to access the Internet is through ISP.
访问互联网的最常见方式是通过 ISP .

In order to connect to a website, the browser must know only the site’s domain name. ( ) 为了连接到网站，浏览器必须只知道该网站的域名。( )X

CAN-SPAM requirements have proven to be more effective than spam blockers at preventing unwanted e-mail. ( ) 事实证明，CAN-SPAM 要求在防止不需要的电子邮件方面比垃圾邮件拦截器更有效。( )X

1章

hardware 硬件The equipment that processes data in order to create information is called the .
处理数据以创建信息的设备称为。

Midrange 中档Which of the following computers is also referred to as a server and is used to support end users for things such as retrieving data from a database or providing access to application software?____
下列哪台计算机也称为服务器，用于支持最终用户从数据库检索数据或提供对应用程序软件的访问等操作？

wearables 可穿戴设备The five types of personal computers are: desktops, laptops, tablets, smartphones, and ____.
个人计算机的五种类型是：台式机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、智能手机和 ____。

Hard disks 硬盘____ use(s. rigid metallic platters to store programs and very large data files.
____ 使用刚性金属盘片来存储程序和非常大的数据文件。

System unit 系统单元This hardware houses most of the electronic components that make up a computer system.____
该硬件包含构成计算机system.____的大部分电子元件

**World Wide Web (or, “the web”.万维网（或“网络”。**The ____ provides a multimedia interface to the numerous resources available on the Internet.
____ 为 Internet 上可用的众多资源提供了一个多媒体界面。

procedures 程序流程

data 数据The component of the information system that is described as raw, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images, and sounds, is called .
信息系统中被描述为原始的、未经处理的事实（包括文本、数字、图像和声音）的组件称为。

In most cases, the word “software” is interchangeable with the word program.
在大多数情况下，“软件”一词可以与“程序”一词互换。

Hard disks use(s) rigid metallic platters to store programs and very large data files.
硬盘使用刚性金属盘片来存储程序和非常大的数据文件。

The equipment that processes data in order to create information is called the hardware.
处理数据以创建信息的设备称为 硬件 。

Secondary storage devices do not lose data or programs after the electrical power is turned off.
辅助存储设备在关闭电源后不会丢失数据或程序。

Another name for a midrange computer is “server.” ( ) 中端计算机的另一个名称是“服务器”。( )

mainframe大型的

embedded operating system/Real-time operating systems/RTOS;IoT/Internet of Thing;monitor;smartphone;specialized application/specialized applications
嵌入式操作系统/实时操作系统/RTOS;物联网/物联网;监控;智能手机;专业应用/专业应用