4.11反射练习

1.定义Worker类，通过三种方式找出Worker类对象

2.通过类对象找出所有的成员变量和成员方法

3.通过类对象获取构造对象并创建目标对象

4.给目标对象设置属性值

5.调用公共方法showWorkerInfo()

6.调用私有方法showSalary()

package test0411;
//定义Worker类

public class Worker {

//成员变量
    private Integer id;
    private String company;
    private String name;
    private Double salary;

//getter and setter方法
public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public void setSalary(Double salary) {
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getCompany() {
        return company;
    }

    public void setCompany(String company) {
        this.company = company;
    }

//无参构造
    public Worker() {
    }

//带参构造
    public Worker(Integer id, String company, String name, Double salary) {
        this.id = id;
        this.company = company;
        this.name = name;
        this.salary = salary;
    }


//toString方法
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Worker{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", company='" + company + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", salary=" + salary +
                '}';
    }

//公共成员方法showWorkInfo()
    public void showWorkInfo(String name, String company, Integer id,Double salary){
        System.out.println(name+"\t "+company+"" +
                "\t"+id+"\t"+salary);

    }

//私有成员方法showSalary()
    private void showSalary(String name){
        if (name.equals(this.name)){
            System.out.println(salary);
        }else {
            System.out.println("保密");
        }

    }

import test0411.Worker;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

//定义测试类
public class TestWorker {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.通过类名.class获取类对象
        Class c = Worker.class;
        System.out.println(c);

        //2.通过类的实例对象的getClass()方法获取类对象
        Worker worker = new Worker();
        Class c1 = worker.getClass();

        //3.通过Class类的forName()静态方法获取类对象,有异常抛出
        try {
            Class c2 = Class.forName("test0411.TestWorker");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------");

        //通过类对象找出所有的成员变量
        Field[] declaredFields = c.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field f : declaredFields) {
            System.out.println(f.getName());
        }

        System.out.println("------------------------------------------------");

        //通过类对象找出所有的成员方法
        Method[] declaredMethods = c.getDeclaredMethods();
        for (Method m : declaredMethods) {
            System.out.println(m.getName());
        }

        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------");

        //通过获取到的构造方法给目标对象设置属性值
        try {
            Constructor constructor = c.getConstructor(Integer.class, String.class, String.class, Double.class);
            Worker w =(Worker) constructor.newInstance(1,"强盛集团","lj",12000.0); //w是通过Constructor类的newInstance()方法创建的Worker类的对象
            System.out.println(w);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (InstantiationException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

        System.out.println("------------------------------------------------");

        //调用公共方法showWorkInfo()
        Worker worker1 = new Worker(2,"强盛集团","赵德彪",8000.0);
        try {
            Method m = c.getMethod("showWorkInfo",String.class, String.class, Integer.class, Double.class);
            m.invoke(worker1, "赵德彪", "强盛集团", 2, 8000.0);
            System.out.println(worker1);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

        System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------");

        //调用私有方法showSalary()
        Worker worker2 = new Worker(); //创建实例设置属性name和salary
        worker2.setName("hx");
        worker2.setSalary(13000.0);
        System.out.println(worker2);
        System.out.println(worker2.toString()); //输出对象默认调用ToString方法
        try {
            Method m1 = c.getDeclaredMethod("showSalary", String.class);
            m1.setAccessible(true);  //调用私有方法，临时取消权限校验
            m1.invoke(worker2,"hx");
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }

    }
}





输出结果:

class test0411.Worker
-----------------------------------------------
id
company
name
salary
------------------------------------------------
toString
getName
getId
setName
showSalary
showWorkInfo
setSalary
setId
getSalary
getCompany
setCompany
-----------------------------------------------------
Worker{id=1, company='强盛集团', name='lj', salary=12000.0}
------------------------------------------------
赵德彪	 强盛集团	2	8000.0
Worker{id=2, company='强盛集团', name='赵德彪', salary=8000.0}
--------------------------------------------------
Worker{id=null, company='null', name='hx', salary=13000.0}
Worker{id=null, company='null', name='hx', salary=13000.0}
13000.0

Process finished with exit code 0