返回值 VS r返回引用 以及 传引用 VS 传值

准则：尽量使用传引用f而不是直接传递对象

目的：减少开销，传引用相当于使用原对象，而传递对象需要拷贝一份。

返回值是引用还是对象要看情况而定：

不能使用返回引用的情况是：当返回的是一个局部对象时。

#ifndef COMPLEX_H_
#define COMPLEX_H_


#include <ostream>


class complex
{
public:
	inline double real()const { return re; }
	inline double imag()const { return im; }
	inline
	complex(double c)
		:re(c),im(0)
	{
		
	}
	
	complex(double r = 0, double i = 0)
		:re(r), im(i)
	{
		
	}
	//return by ref
	complex&
		operator += (const complex& c2)
	{
		this->re += c2.re;
		this->im += c2.im;
		return *this;
	}
	complex&
		operator += (double re)
	{
		this->re += re;
		
		return *this;
	}

private:
	double re, im;
};

//全局函数  return by value
complex operator + (double re, complex c)
{
	return complex(re + c.real(), c.imag());
}
complex operator + (complex c, double re)
{
	return complex(re + c.real(), c.imag());
}
complex operator + (complex x, complex y)
{
	return complex(x.real() + y.real(), x.imag() + y.imag());
}

//重载<< return by ref;

std::ostream&
operator <<(std::ostream& os, complex c)
{
	return os << "(" << c.real() << "," << c.imag() << ")";
}


#endif // !COMPLEX_H_