安卓开发之Fragment的嵌套

传统的方式来实现这个结构，需要用到很多Activity，我们这里只用一个Activity，其余的全部采用Fragment来实现。通过代码可以看出来fragment是相当灵活的，比起Activity的实现方式，显然具有优势。

实现代码

首先我们的MainActivity的代码需要一个fragment，布局代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 android:background="@null"
 android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
 android:orientation="vertical">

    <include layout="@layout/layout_main_header" />

    <FrameLayout
 android:id="@+id/fragment_container"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="0dip"
 android:layout_weight="1.0"
 android:background="@color/background_color" />

    <include layout="@layout/layout_main_footer" />
</LinearLayout>

• 1

注意这里的footer和header，这里可用来实现下面的播放栏和标题栏。
中间的FrameLayout进行嵌套，完成其余所有的UI界面。
MainActivity代码如下：

public class MainActivity extends FragmentActivity {
    private static final String TAG = MainActivity.class.getSimpleName();
    private static final String FRAGMENT_TAGS = "fragmentTags";
    private static final String CURR_INDEX = "currIndex";
    private static int currIndex = 0;
    private RadioGroup group;
    private ArrayList<String> fragmentTags;
    private FragmentManager fragmentManager;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        AppManager.getAppManager().addActivity(this);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        fragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();

        if (savedInstanceState == null){
            initData();
            initView();
        }
    }
    private void initData() {
        currIndex = 0;
        fragmentTags = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("HomeFragment", "ContactFragment", "DiscoveryFragment"));
    }
    private void initView() {
        group = (RadioGroup)findViewById(R.id.group);
        group.setOnCheckedChangeListener(new RadioGroup.OnCheckedChangeListener() {
            @Override
            public void onCheckedChanged(RadioGroup group, int checkedId) {
                switch (checkedId) {
                    case R.id.foot_bar_work:
                        currIndex = 0;
                        break;
                    case R.id.foot_bar_contact:
                        currIndex = 1;
                        break;
                    case R.id.foot_bar_discover:
                        currIndex = 2;
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                }
                showFragment();
            }
        });
        showFragment();
    }
    private void showFragment() {
        FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        Fragment fragment = fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(fragmentTags.get(currIndex));
        if (fragment == null){
            fragment = instantFragment(currIndex);
        }
        for (int i = 0;i < fragmentTags.size();i++){
            Fragment f = fragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(fragmentTags.get(i));
            if (f != null && f.isAdded()){
                fragmentTransaction.hide(f);
            }
        }
        if (fragment.isAdded()){
            fragmentTransaction.show(fragment);
        }else {
          fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.fragment_container,fragment,fragmentTags.get(currIndex));
        }
        fragmentTransaction.commitAllowingStateLoss();
        fragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
    }
    /*
 *这里用于实现三个一级菜单的选择：
 *MainPageFragment包含三个二级菜单
 *DiscoveryFragment的三个二级菜单栏的实现类似
 */
    private Fragment instantFragment(int currIndex) {
        switch (currIndex){
            case 0:return new MainPagerFragment();
            case 1:return new LocalFragment();
            case 2:return new DiscoveryFragment();
            default:return new MainPagerFragment();
        }
    }
    @Override
    protected void onDestroy(){
        super.onDestroy();
        AppManager.getAppManager().finishActivity(this);
    }
}

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这里的代码整个不是很难，相信大家都能很轻易的看明白。这里我们就不加赘述了。
下面我们给出MainPageFragment的布局代码和Java代码
布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:orientation="vertical"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <!--横向滑动的容器-->
    <com.kiplening.fragment.ui.PagerSlidingTabStrip
 android:id="@+id/horizontal_info"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="wrap_content"
 android:scrollbars="none"/>
    <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
 android:id="@+id/info_viewpager"
 android:layout_width="fill_parent"
 android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>
</LinearLayout>

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横向滑动容器用于展示tab栏。
Java代码：

@Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater,
                             ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        mView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_home_pager,null);
        pager = (ViewPager) mView.findViewById(R.id.info_viewpager);
        tabs = (PagerSlidingTabStrip)mView.findViewById(R.id.horizontal_info);
        return mView;
    }

    @Override
    public void onActivityCreated(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState);
        FragmentPagerAdapter adapter = new NewsAdapter(getChildFragmentManager());
        pager.setAdapter(adapter);
        final int pageMargin = (int) TypedValue.applyDimension(
                TypedValue.COMPLEX_UNIT_DIP, 4, getResources().getDisplayMetrics());
        pager.setPageMargin(pageMargin);
        tabs.setViewPager(pager);
    }
    class NewsAdapter extends FragmentPagerAdapter{
        public NewsAdapter(FragmentManager fm){
            super(fm);
        }

/*
 *这部分代码实现的是二级菜单栏的选择
*/
        @Override
        public Fragment getItem(int position) {
            if (position == 0) {
                return new TaskListFragment();
                //return new MessageBoxFragment();
            }
            if (position == 1) {
                return new MessageBoxFragment();
            }
            return new OthersFragment();
        }

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整体来说，代码量都不大，还需要最后一层的fragment来实现二级菜单栏的内容。就是一个简单的fragment，可以随意实现。我们就来个最简单的hello world

/**
 * Created by Kipleningon 3/1/2016.
 */
public class MessageBoxFragment extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.test,null);
        return view;
    }
}

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布局文件相信就不用贴出来了吧！

总结

我搞这个也断断续续弄了好几天才弄出来，现在回过头来看，还是想要把整个框架和结构先搞清楚；然后，了解一下用到的各个组件的基本性质；最后再来动手实践，这样会顺利很多。
首先弄清楚自己要做的是什么，整个的框架是怎样的，了解需要用到的组件。