监控服务zabbix部署

监控服务zabbix部署

zabbix介绍

zabbix是一个基于WEB界面的提供分布式系统监视以及网络监视功能的企业级的开源解决方案。

zabbix能监视各种网络参数,保证服务器系统的安全运营;并提供灵活的通知机制以让系统管理员快速定位/解决存在的各种问题。

zabbix由2部分构成,zabbix server与可选组件zabbix agent

zabbix server可以通过SNMPzabbix agentping,端口监视等方法提供对远程服务器/网络状态的监视,数据收集等功能,它可以运行在Linux,Ubuntu,Solaris,HP-UX,AIX,Free BSD,Open BSD,OS X等平台上。

zabbix agent需要安装在被监视的目标服务器上,它主要完成对硬件信息或与操作系统有关的内存,CPU等信息的收集。

zabbix server可以单独监视远程服务器的服务状态;同时也可以与zabbix agent配合,可以轮询zabbix agent主动接收监视数据(agent方式),同时还可被动接收zabbix agent发送的数据(trapping方式)。
另外zabbix server还支持SNMP (v1,v2),可以与SNMP软件(例如:net-snmp)等配合使用。

zabbix特点

zabbix的主要特点

  • 安装与配置简单,学习成本低
  • 支持多语言(包括中文)
  • 免费开源
  • 自动发现服务器与网络设备
  • 分布式监视以及WEB集中管理功能
  • 可以无agent监视
  • 用户安全认证和柔软的授权方式
  • 通过WEB界面设置或查看监视结果
  • email等通知功能

Zabbix主要功能

  • CPU负荷
  • 内存使用
  • 磁盘使用
  • 网络状况
  • 端口监视
  • 日志监视

zabbix配置文件

zabbix配置文件有两种

  • 服务器端配置文件(/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf)

  • 客户端配置文件(/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf)

  • zabbix代理配置文件(/usr/local/etc/zabbix_proxy.conf)

    服务器端配置文件zabbix_server.conf常用配置参数:

    参数作用
    LogFile设置服务端日志文件存放路径
    ListenIP设置服务端监听IP
    ListenPort设置服务端监听的端口号
    PidFile设置服务端进程号文件存放路径
    DBHost指定zabbix的数据库服务器IP
    DBName指定zabbix使用的数据库库名
    DBUser指定zabbix数据库登录用户
    DBPassword指定zabbix数据库登录密码
    DBPort指定zabbix数据库端口号
    User设置zabbix以什么用户的身份运行
    AlertScriptsPath设置告警脚本存放路径
    ExternalScripts外部脚本存放路径

    客户端配置文件zabbix_agentd.conf常用配置参数:

    参数作用
    Server指定zabbix服务器的IP或域名
    ServerActive指定zabbix服务器的IP或域名
    Hostname指定本机的主机名,此项必须与web界面配置项一致
    UnsafeUserParameters是否启用自定义监控项,可选值为{1 | 0}
    UserParameter指定自定义监控脚本参数
    LogFile设置客户端日志文件存放路

部署zabbix

环境说明:

环境IP要安装的应用
服务器192.168.205.144lamp架构 zabbix server zabbix agent

因为zabbix是用php语言开发的,所以必须先部署lamp架构,使其能够支持运行php网页

zabbix服务端安装

//安装依赖包
[root@localhost src]# yum -y install net-snmp-devel libevent-devel

//下载zbbbix
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug    mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
kernels  zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz
 
//解压
[root@localhost src]# tar xf zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz 

//创建zabbix用户和组
[root@localhost src]# useradd -r -d /usr/lib/zabbix -s /sbin/nologin -c "Zabbix Monitoring System" zabbix
[root@localhost src]# mkdir -p /usr/lib/zabbix
[root@localhost src]# chmod 770 /usr/lib/zabbix
[root@localhost src]# chown -R zabbix.zabbix /usr/lib/zabbix

//配置zabbix数据库
[root@localhost src]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database zabbix character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| zabbix             |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create user 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

mysql> SET GLOBAL log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit;
Bye
 
//数据导入数据库
[root@localhost src]# cd zabbix-6.2.2
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ls
AUTHORS      NEWS        conf          depcomp     missing
COPYING      README      config.guess  include     sass
ChangeLog    aclocal.m4  config.sub    install-sh  src
INSTALL      bin         configure     m4          ui
Makefile.am  build       configure.ac  man
Makefile.in  compile     database      misc
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd database/
[root@localhost database]# ls
Makefile.am  elasticsearch  oracle      sqlite3
Makefile.in  mysql          postgresql
[root@localhost database]# cd mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
Makefile.am  data.sql    history_pk_prepare.sql  schema.sql
Makefile.in  double.sql  images.sql
[root@localhost mysql]# pwd
/usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/database/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# ll
total 35188
-rw-r--r--. 1 1000 1000      577 Aug 29 15:05 Makefile.am
-rw-r--r--. 1 1000 1000    16448 Aug 29 15:05 Makefile.in
-rw-r--r--. 1 1000 1000 33849146 Aug 29 15:05 data.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 1000 1000      282 Jul 25 16:06 double.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 1000 1000     1526 Aug 29 15:04 history_pk_prepare.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 1000 1000  1978341 Jul 18 15:31 images.sql
-rw-r--r--. 1 1000 1000   170356 Aug 29 15:05 schema.sql 
 
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p123456  zabbix < schema.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p123456  zabbix < images.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p123456  zabbix < data.sql
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.38 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use zabbix;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix           |
+----------------------------+
| acknowledges               |
| actions                    |
| alerts                     |
| auditlog                   |
..................................................
| widget_field               |
+----------------------------+
176 rows in set (0.00 sec)

//禁用 log_bin_trust_function_creators:  
mysql> SET GLOBAL log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit;
Bye

//编译安装zabbix
[root@localhost mysql]# cd ..
[root@localhost database]# cd ..
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# pwd
/usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ls
AUTHORS      NEWS        conf          depcomp     missing
COPYING      README      config.guess  include     sass
ChangeLog    aclocal.m4  config.sub    install-sh  src
INSTALL      bin         configure     m4          ui
Makefile.am  build       configure.ac  man
Makefile.in  compile     database      misc
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ./configure --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql --with-libcurl --with-libxml2
....................................
Configuration:

  Detected OS:           linux-gnu
  Install path:          /usr/local
  Compilation arch:      linux

  Compiler:              cc
  Compiler flags:         -g -O2  

  Library-specific flags:
    database:              -I/usr/local/mysql/include    
    libXML2:               -I/usr/include/libxml2 

  Enable server:         yes
  Server details:
    With database:         MySQL
    WEB Monitoring:        cURL
      SSL certificates:      /usr/local/share/zabbix/ssl/certs
      SSL keys:              /usr/local/share/zabbix/ssl/keys
    SNMP:                  no
    IPMI:                  no
    SSH:                   no
    TLS:                   no
    ODBC:                  no
    Linker flags:             -L/usr/local/mysql/lib               -rdynamic    
    Libraries:              -lmysqlclient  -lpthread -lm -lrt -ldl    -lxml2       -lz -lpthread -levent    -lcurl -lm -ldl  -lresolv  -lpcre  
    Configuration file:    /usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf
    External scripts:      /usr/local/share/zabbix/externalscripts
    Alert scripts:         /usr/local/share/zabbix/alertscripts
    Modules:               /usr/local/lib/modules

  Enable proxy:          no

  Enable agent:          yes
  Agent details:
    TLS:                   no
    Modbus:                no
    Linker flags:                -rdynamic    
    Libraries:              -lz -lpthread    -lcurl -lm -ldl  -lresolv  -lpcre  
    Configuration file:    /usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf
    Modules:               /usr/local/lib/modules

  Enable agent 2:        no

  Enable web service:    no

  Enable Java gateway:   no

  LDAP support:          no
  IPv6 support:          no

***********************************************************
*            Now run 'make install'                       *
*                                                         *
*            Thank you for using Zabbix!                  *
*              <http://www.zabbix.com>                    *
***********************************************************

//开始安装
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# make install    

zabbix服务端配置

//配置数据库密码
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd /usr/local/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# ls
zabbix_agentd.conf    zabbix_server.conf
zabbix_agentd.conf.d  zabbix_server.conf.d
[root@localhost etc]# vim zabbix_server.conf
DBPassword=123456

//启动zabbix服务
[root@localhost etc]# zabbix_server 
[root@localhost etc]# zabbix_agentd 
[root@localhost etc]# ss -antl
State  Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port  Peer Address:PortProcess 
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:10050      0.0.0.0:*           
LISTEN 0      128        127.0.0.1:9000       0.0.0.0:*           
LISTEN 0      128          0.0.0.0:22         0.0.0.0:*           
LISTEN 0      80                 *:3306             *:*           
LISTEN 0      128                *:80               *:*           
LISTEN 0      128             [::]:22            [::]:* 

部署网站

//修改/etc/php.ini的配置并重启php-fpm
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# sed -ri 's/(post_max_size =).*/\1 16M/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# sed -ri 's/(max_execution_time =).*/\1 300/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# sed -ri 's/(max_input_time =).*/\1 300/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# sed -i '/;date.timezone/a date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# service php-fpm restart
Gracefully shutting down php-fpm . done
Starting php-fpm  done

//复制web页面文件
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ls
AUTHORS      NEWS        config.guess   depcomp     sass
COPYING      README      config.log     include     src
ChangeLog    aclocal.m4  config.status  install-sh  ui
INSTALL      bin         config.sub     m4
Makefile     build       configure      man
Makefile.am  compile     configure.ac   misc
Makefile.in  conf        database       missing
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cp -a ui/* /usr/local/apache/htdocs/jiang/
cp: overwrite '/usr/local/apache/htdocs/jiang/index.php'? y

//修改属主和权限
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ll /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
total 8
-rw-r--r--.  1  504 games   45 Jun 12  2007 index.html
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root  4096 Sep  1 20:40 jiang
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# chown -R apache.apache /usr/local/apache/htdocs/jiang
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# chmod 777 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/jiang/conf/
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ll /usr/local/apache/htdocs/
total 8
-rw-r--r--.  1    504 games    45 Jun 12  2007 index.html
drwxr-xr-x. 13 apache apache 4096 Sep  1 20:40 jiang

web页面安装

安装中文

[root@zabibix ~]# dnf reinstall glibc-common
[root@zabibix ~]# dnf -y install langpacks-zh_CN.noarch

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检查是否出错
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连接数据库
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设置时区
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确认信息

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安装完成
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恢复zabbix/conf目录的权限为755

[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# chmod 755 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/jiang/conf/
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ll -d /usr/local/apache/htdocs/jiang/conf/
drwxr-xr-x. 3 apache apache 117 91 21:19 /usr/local/apache/htdocs/jiang/conf/

登录zabbix

zabbix默认登录用户名和密码:

用户名密码
Adminzabbix

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最后效果

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