【饼状图】教你画一个大饼

基本写法

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
#设置大小，分别是 宽 和 高
plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (5,5)
#定义饼的标签
lab = [8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 9.0, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6,9.7]
#每个标签对应的值
val = [ 1,10 ,21, 39 ,39 ,40 ,18 ,25 ,19 ,20 , 9 , 3 , 5 , 1]
# 绘制饼状图
plt.pie(val,labels=lab)
#展示 pycharm里面需要加这个才能显示，jupyter notebook 里面不需要
plt.show()

百分比：autopct

需要显示百分比加一个参数就行：autopct
这里强调一下格式：
以 autopct=‘%.2f%%’ 为例
前后两边的百分号不可少，不然报错。
中间是格式 .2f 是保留两位小数（f:浮点数,这里可以自己试一试）

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
#设置大小，分别是 宽 和 高
plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (5,5)
#定义饼的标签
lab = [8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 9.0, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6,9.7]
#每个标签对应的值
val = [ 1,10 ,21, 39 ,39 ,40 ,18 ,25 ,19 ,20 , 9 , 3 , 5 , 1]
# 绘制饼状图
plt.pie(val,labels=lab,autopct='%.2f%%')
#展示
plt.show()

但是这样不美观，你看，8.4 和 9.7 脸都贴一块了，这能忍？不想看他俩贴贴就需要一个参数

饼状图的分离：explode

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
#设置大小，分别是 宽 和 高
plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (5,5)
#定义饼的标签
lab = [8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 9.0, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6,9.7]
#每个标签对应的值
val = [ 1,10 ,21, 39 ,39 ,40 ,18 ,25 ,19 ,20 , 9 , 3 , 5 , 1]
#到圆心的距离 这里的距离是按半径算的，1 就是半径
dis = [0.08,0.03,0.02,0.01,0.01,0,0.04,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.05,0.06,0.05,0.08]
# 绘制饼状图
plt.pie(val,labels=lab,autopct='%.2f%%',explode=dis)
#展示
plt.show()

设置饼状图百分比和文本距离中心位置

• pctdistance ：设置百分比标签与圆心的距离
• labeldistance ：设置各扇形标签与圆心的距离

用法和上面一样

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
#设置大小，分别是 宽 和 高
plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (5,5)
#定义饼的标签
lab = [8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 9.0, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6,9.7]
#每个标签对应的值
val = [ 1,10 ,21, 39 ,39 ,40 ,18 ,25 ,19 ,20 , 9 , 3 , 5 , 1]
#到圆心的距离
dis = [0.08,0.03,0.02,0.01,0.01,0,0.04,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.05,0.06,0.05,0.08]
# 绘制饼状图
plt.pie(val,labels=lab,autopct='%.2f%%',explode=dis,pctdistance=1.2,labeldistance=1.3)
#展示
plt.show()

图例 :legend()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
#设置大小，分别是 宽 和 高
plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (5,5)
#定义饼的标签
lab = [8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.8, 8.9, 9.0, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6,9.7]
#每个标签对应的值
val = [ 1,10 ,21, 39 ,39 ,40 ,18 ,25 ,19 ,20 , 9 , 3 , 5 , 1]
#到圆心的距离
dis = [0.08,0.03,0.02,0.01,0.01,0,0.04,0.03,0.03,0.03,0.05,0.06,0.05,0.08]
# 绘制饼状图
plt.pie(val,labels=lab,autopct='%.2f%%',explode=dis,pctdistance=1.2,labeldistance=1.3)
#图例
plt.legend()
#展示
plt.show()

其实还有一些，不过我没用过，就没写