云计算实训28——haproxy(七层代理)、python代码的读写分离

一、haproxy----高可用、负载均衡

1.安装

安装ntpdate

[root@haproxy ~]# yum -y install ntpdate.x86_64

安装ntp

[root@haproxy ~]# yum -y install ntp

同步时间

[root@haproxy ~]# ntpdate cn.ntp.org.cn

启动ntp服务

[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl start ntpd

设置开机自启

[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl enable ntpd

安装haproxy

[root@haproxy ~]# yum -y install haproxy18.x86_64

2.配置

[root@haproxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

3.重启

设置开机启动

[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl restart haproxy

[root@haproxy ~]# systemctl enable haproxy

注：web01 ,web02开启nginx服务，然后测试

4.测试

[root@haproxy ~]# curl 192.168.1.245

web========01

[root@haproxy ~]# curl 192.168.1.245

web========02

[root@haproxy ~]# curl 192.168.1.245

web========01

[root@haproxy ~]# curl 192.168.1.245

web========02

5.添加统计页面

[root@haproxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

重启服务

[root@haproxy ~]#systemctl restart haproxy18.service

浏览器访问：

192.168.1.245:9090/hadmin?stats)

6.添加权重

[root@haproxy ~]# vim /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg

重启服务

[root@haproxy ~]#systemctl restart haproxy18.service

浏览器访问：

刷新发现：web01出现次数比web02多

二、基于代码层级的读写分离

1.mysql的主从复制

master

1. rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

2. glibc,下载解压

3. 将解压后的文件移动的指定的/usr/local/mysql

4. mkdir /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files

5. useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql

6. chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files

7. chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files

8. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize -- user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/

9. 查看data目录和初始密码

10. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup -- datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

11. 配置文件

12.cp /usr/local/mysql/suport-files/msyql.server /etc/init.d/mysql8

13.service mysql8 start

14.sed -i '$aexport PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' /etc/profile

15.source /etc/profile

16.mysql -h10.1.1.11 -P3306 -uzhangmin - pzhangmin

17.create user 'aaaa'%'aaaa' identified by 'sn'

18.grant all on . to 'aaaa';

slave

1. rm -rf /etc/my.cnf

2. glibc,下载解压

3. 将解压后的文件移动的指定的/usr/local/mysql

4. mkdir /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files

5. useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql

6. chown mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files

7. chmod 750 /usr/local/mysql/mysql-files

8. 配置文件

9.cp /usr/local/mysql/suport-files/msyql.server /etc/init.d/mysql8

2.同步数据

1. yum -y install rsync

2. service mysql8 stop

3. master=> rm -rf /usrlocal/mysql/data/auto.cnf

4. rsync -av /usr/local/mysql/data root@slaveip:/usr/loca/mysql

5. salve=>service mysql8 start

6. master=>service msyql8 start

3.设置主数据库

1. 创建远程slave账号

2. flush tables with read lock;

3. show master status\G;

        文件名称

        文件位置

4.设置从数据库

help change master to

1. change master to

2. 启动slave并且查看状态

3. master => unlock tables;

5.python代码的读写分离

1.安装pymysql 是python管理mysql的驱动，或者成为 连接器

pip3 install pymysql

2.在python3的命令行界面引入pymysql

import pymysql

3.创建两个connenction对象，一个指向master mysql，一个指向slave msyql

master_conn=pymysql.connect(host="10.1.1.11",user="dd",password="1",port=33 06,database="test");

slave_conn=pymysql.connect(host="10.1.1.12",user="dd",password="1",port=331 0,database="test");

4. 获取数据游标 master

master_cursor=master_conn.cursor()

5. 执行查询 master

6. 执行修改 master

7. 执行删除 master

8. 执行新增 master

9. 执行查询 slave