继承 派生类构造过程 虚函数 隐藏 覆盖（重写） 虚析构函数

class A {
public:
	A(int a = 0)
		:ma(a)
	{}
private:
	int ma;
	static int mb;
};
int A::mb = 20;
int main() {
	A a;
	cout << sizeof(a) << endl;
	return 0;
}

class Base {
public:
	Base(int data)
		:ma(data)
	{
		cout << "Base(int data)" << endl;
	}
	~Base() { cout << "~Base()" << endl; }
protected:
	int ma;//想要派生类访问 不想要外部访问
};
class Derive :public Base {
public:
	Derive(int data)
		:mb(data)
		,Base(data)//ma(data) 不允许这样直接初始化
	{
		cout << "Derive(int data)" << endl;
	}
	~Derive() { cout << "~Derive()" << endl; }
private:
	int mb;
};
int main() {
	Derive d(20);
	return 0;
}

class Base {
public:
	Base(int data = 10)
		:ma(data)
	{}
	void show() { cout << "void Base::show() " << endl; }
	void show(int) { cout << "void Base::show(int)" << endl; }
protected:
	int ma;
};
class Derive :public Base {
public:
	Derive(int data=20)
		:Base(data)//调用基类的构造函数初始化基类继承过来的成员变量
		,mb(data)
	{}
	void show() { cout << "void Derive::show()" << endl; }
	//show将基类的show()和show(int)隐藏了
private:
	int mb;
};
int main() {
	Derive d;
	d.show();
	//d.show(10);//“Derive::show”: 函数不接受 1 个参数
	//基类的show(int)被隐藏了
	d.Base::show(10);
	Base b;
	b = d;//从下（派生类）到上（基类）OK
	//d = b;//从上（基类）到下（派生类）NO
	Base* pb = &d;
	pb->show();
	pb->show(10);
	((Derive*)pb)->show();
	//Derive* pd = &b;
	Derive* pd = (Derive*)&b;//不安全存在内存非法访问
	//pd->show();//不安全
	return 0;
}

class Base {
public:
	Base(int data = 10)
	:ma(data){}
	void show() { cout << "void Base::show()" << endl; }
	void show(int) { cout << "void Base::show(int)" << endl; }
protected:
	int ma;
};
class Derive :public Base {
public:
	Derive(int data = 20)
		:Base(data)
		,mb(data)
	{}
	void show() { cout << "void Derive::show()" << endl; }
private:
	int mb;
};
int main() {
	Derive d(20);
	Base* pb = &d;
	pb->show();//静态绑定 编译时期call Base::show()
	pb->show(10);//静态绑定 编译时期 call Base::show(10)
	cout << sizeof(Base) << endl;
	cout << sizeof(Derive) << endl;
	cout << typeid(pb).name() << endl;
	cout << typeid(*pb).name() << endl;
	return 0;
}

#include <typeinfo>
class Base {
public:
	Base(int data = 10)
		:ma(data)
	{}
	virtual void show() { cout << "void Base::show()" << endl; }
	virtual void show(int) { cout << "void show(int )" << endl; }
protected:
	int ma;
};
class Derive :public Base {
public:
	Derive(int data = 20)
		:Base(data)//ma(data)不允许
		,mb(data)
	{}
	//virtual void show() 重写 覆盖
	void show() { cout << "void Derive::show()" << endl; }
private:
	int mb;
};
int main() {
	Derive d(20);
	Base* pb = &d;
	/*
	pb->Base Base::show如果发现show()是普通函数 就进行静态绑定
	如果发现show()是虚函数 就进行动态绑定
	mov eax ,dword ptr[pb]
	mov ecx, dword ptr[eax]
	call ecx(虚函数地址)动态（运行时期）绑定（函数调用）
	*/
	pb->show();
	/*
	pb->Base Base::show如果发现show(int)是普通函数 进行静态绑定
	如果发现show()是虚函数 就进行动态绑定
	mov eax,dword ptr[pb]
	mov ecx,dword ptr[eax]
	call ecx(虚函数地址)动态（运行时期）绑定（函数调用）
	*/
	pb->show(30);
	cout << sizeof(Base) << endl;
	cout << sizeof(Derive) << endl;
	cout << typeid(pb).name() << endl;
	/*
	*p类型的判定：Base有没有虚函数
	Base没有选虚函数 *pb的类型就是编译时期的类型
	*p<<==>>Base类型
	如果Base有虚函数 *pb的类型就是运行时期的RTTI类型
	pb->d(vfptr)->Derive vftable class Derive
	*/
	cout << typeid(*pb).name() << endl;
	return 0;
}

class Base {
public:
	Base(int data=10)
		:ma(data)
	{
		cout << "Base(int data=10)" << endl;
	}
	virtual void show() { cout << "void Base::show()" << endl; }
	virtual ~Base() { cout << "~Base()" << endl; }
protected:
	int ma;
};

class Derive :public Base {
public:
	Derive(int data=10)
		:Base(data)
		,mb(data)
		,ptr(new int[data])
	{
		cout << "Derive(int data=10)" << endl;
	}
	void show() { cout << "void Derive::show()" << endl; }
	~Derive() { delete[] ptr; cout << "~Derive()" << endl; }
private:
	int mb;
	int* ptr;
};
int main() {
	/*Derive d(20);
	Base* p = &d;
	p->show();*/
	Base* pb = new Derive(20);
	pb->show();
	delete pb;
	return 0;
}