一、实验内容
- 设计Person类 (姓名，性别，生日，地址等)
- 设计学生Student类 （学号，专业， 所学课程，课程成绩）
主要方法（1）添加课程，（2）添加成绩，（3）成绩查询（按课程号，按课程名等进行查询） - 班级类Classes（年级，专业，班号， 学生）
主要方法（1）添加学生，（2）添加成绩，（3）学生信息查询（按学号，按姓名等进行查询） - 学院类Department （部门名称，部门简介，班级等）
二、主要实验设计思路和步骤
1.系统类图：
2.设计思路：
设计Person类，设计学生Student类，设计班级类Classes，设计学院类Department，同时设计地址Address类以及生日Birthday类，Courses课程类。
同时注意学院类继承班级类，班级类继承学生类，学生类继承人类，在人类内部构造输入地址及生日的方法，在学生类中设计添加课程的方法等等
3.步骤：
首先设计人类，随后设计地址类以及生日类，之后设计人类的子类学生类，在设计班级类以及学院类，课程类可以在设计学生类是进行构造。
最终设计Main类，注意学生成绩管理系统的Main类值得反复推敲琢磨，一个舒适完美有逻辑的界面会让用户有更好的交互体验。
注意：继承关系、添加信息顺序、反馈交互…
三、实验结果
1. 主类
import java.util.*;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("==========学生成绩管理系统==========");
Department department = new Department();
String choice = "1";
while(choice.equals("0") == false) {
System.out.println("**********************************");
System.out.println("1.添加课程");
System.out.println("2.课程成绩查询");
System.out.println("3.添加学生");
System.out.println("4.学生信息查询");
System.out.println("5.添加班级");
System.out.println("6.添加学院信息");
System.out.println("7.查询学院信息");
System.out.println("0.退出程序");
System.out.println("**********************************");
System.out.println("请输入您的选择：");
choice = sc.next();
switch (choice) {
case "1":
if (Classes.students == null)
{
System.out.println("请先添加学生^o^");
break;
}
else {
System.out.println("请输入需要添加课程的学生序号：");
int num1 = sc.nextInt();
Classes.students[num1].addcourse();
System.out.println("请问您还需要什么服务?");
break;
}
case "2":
System.out.println("请输入需要查询成绩的学生序号：");
int num2 = sc.nextInt();
Classes.students[num2].searchscore();
System.out.println("请问您还需要什么服务?");
break;
case "3":
if (Department.classes == null)
{
System.out.println("请先添加班级^o^");
break;
}
else {
Department.classes.addstu();
System.out.println("请问您还需要什么服务?");
break;
}
case "4":
System.out.println("请输入查询信息学生序号：");
int num3 = sc.nextInt();
System.out.println(Classes.students[num3]);
System.out.println("请问您还需要什么服务?");
break;
case "5":
System.out.println("添加班级中^o^");
department.addclass();
break;
case "6":
System.out.println("请输入学院名称：");
department.setDepartname(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入学院简介：");
department.setDepartintroduce(sc.next());
break;
case "7":
System.out.println(department);
System.out.println("请问您还需要什么服务?");
break;
case "0":
System.out.println("谢谢您的使用，欢迎下次光临！");
System.out.println("==================================");
break;
default:
System.out.println("输入错误，请重新输入！");
break;
}
}
}
}
2. 学院类
import java.util.*;
public class Department {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
private String departname;
private String departintroduce;
private int max;
public static Classes classes;
public Department() {
}
public Department(String departname, String departintroduce, int max) {
this.departname = departname;
this.departintroduce = departintroduce;
this.max = max;
}
public String getDepartname() {
return departname;
}
public void setDepartname(String departname) {
this.departname = departname;
}
public String getDepartintroduce() {
return departintroduce;
}
public void setDepartintroduce(String departintroduce) { // “添加学院信息”方法
this.departintroduce = departintroduce;
}
public int getMax() {
return max;
}
public void setMax(int max) {
this.max = max;
}
public void addclass() { // “添加班级”方法
classes = new Classes();
System.out.println("请输入班级所属年级：");
classes.setGrade(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入班级所属专业：");
classes.setClassmajor(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入班号：");
classes.setClassnum(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入班级学生数：");
classes.setMax(sc.nextInt());
}
@Override
public String toString() { // “查询学院信息”方法
return "\t学院：" + departname + "学院\n" +
"\t学院信息：" + departintroduce + "\n" +
"\t学院班级数：" + max + "个\n";
}
}
3. 班级类
import java.util.*;
public class Classes extends Student {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
private String grade;
private String classmajor;
private String classnum;
public static Student [] students;
private int num = 0;
private int max;
public Classes() {
}
public Classes(String grade, String clsmajor, String classnum, int max) {
this.grade = grade;
this.classmajor = clsmajor;
this.classnum = classnum;
this.max = max;
}
public String getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(String grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
public String getClassmajor() {
return classmajor;
}
public void setClassmajor(String classmajor) {
this.classmajor = classmajor;
}
public String getClassnum() {
return classnum;
}
public void setClassnum(String classnum) {
this.classnum = classnum;
}
public int getMax() {
return max;
}
public void setMax(int max) {
this.max = max;
}
public void addstu() { // “添加学生”方法
if (num == max)
System.out.println("抱歉，该班级学生已满，无法继续添加学生！");
else {
if (num == 0)
{
students = new Student[max];
}
Student stu = new Student();
System.out.println("请输入学生姓名：");
stu.setName(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入学生性别：");
stu.setSex(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入学生生日：");
stu.setBirthday(sc.next(),sc.next(),sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入学生地址（省、市、街）：");
stu.setAddress(sc.next(), sc.next(), sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入学生学号：");
stu.setStuid(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入学生专业：");
stu.setStumajor(sc.next());
System.out.println("请输入学生最大选课数：");
stu.setMax(sc.nextInt());
students[num] = stu;
num++;
}
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "年级：" + grade +
"专业：" + classmajor +
"班号：" + classnum +
"学生：" + Arrays.toString(students);
}
}
4. 学生类
import java.util.*;
public class Student extends Person {
Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
private String stuid;
private String stumajor;
public static Course [] courses;
public static int [] coursescores;
private int num = 0;
private int max;
private int sum = 0;
public Student() {
}
public Student(String name, String sex, Birthday birthday, Address address, String stuid, String stumajor, int max) {
super(name, sex, birthday, address);
this.stuid = stuid;
this.stumajor = stumajor;
this.max = max;
}
public String getStuid() {
return stuid;
}
public void setStuid(String stuid) {
this.stuid = stuid;
}
public String getStumajor() {
return stumajor;
}
public void setStumajor(String stumajor) {
this.stumajor = stumajor;
}
public int getMax() {
return max;
}
public void setMax(int max) {
this.max = max;
}
public void addcourse() { // “添加课程”方法
if (num == max)
System.out.println("抱歉，该学生课表已满，无法继续选课！");
else {
if (num == 0)
{
courses = new Course[max];
coursescores = new int[max];
}
System.out.println("请输入课程名：");
Course course = new Course(sc.next());
courses[num] = course;
System.out.println("请输入课程成绩：");
int score = sc.nextInt();
sum += score;
coursescores[num] = score;
num++;
}
}
public void searchscore() { // “课程成绩查询”方法
System.out.println("\t课程：" + Arrays.toString(courses) +
"\n\t课程成绩：" + Arrays.toString(coursescores) + "\n");
}
@Override
public String toString() { // “学生信息查询”方法
return super.toString() +
"\t学号：" + stuid +
"\t专业：" + stumajor +
"\t\t总成绩：" + sum + "\n" ;
}
}
5. 人类
public class Person {
private String name;
private String sex;
private Birthday birthday;
private Address address;
public Person() {
}
public Person (String name, String sex, Birthday birthday, Address address) {
this.name = name;
this.sex = sex;
this.birthday = birthday;
this.address = address;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public Birthday getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(String year, String month, String day) {
Birthday birthday = new Birthday(year,month,day);
this.birthday = birthday;
}
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String province, String city, String street) {
Address address = new Address(province, city, street);
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "\t姓名：" + name +
"\t性别：" + sex + "\n" +
birthday +
address ;
}
}
6. 课程类
public class Course {
private String coursename;
public Course() {
}
public Course(String coursename) {
this.coursename = coursename;
}
public String getCoursename() {
return coursename;
}
public void setCoursename(String coursename) {
this.coursename = coursename;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return coursename;
}
}
7. 生日类
public class Birthday {
private String year;
private String month;
private String day;
public Birthday() {
}
public Birthday(String year, String month, String day) {
this.year = year;
this.month = month;
this.day = day;
}
public String getYear() {
return year;
}
public void setYear(String year) {
this.year = year;
}
public String getMonth() {
return month;
}
public void setMonth(String month) {
this.month = month;
}
public String getDay() {
return day;
}
public void setDay(String day) {
this.day = day;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "\t生日：" +
month + "月" +
day + "日\n";
}
}
8. 地址类
public class Address {
private String province;
private String city;
private String street;
public Address() {
}
public Address(String province, String city, String street) {
this.province = province;
this.city = city;
this.street = street;
}
public String getProvince() {
return province;
}
public void setProvince(String province) {
this.province = province;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getStreet() {
return street;
}
public void setStreet(String street) {
this.street = street;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "\t地址：" +
"【省份：" + province + "省" +
"\t城市：" + city + "市" +
"\t街道：" + street + "】\n";
}
}
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