有关c++类point和line的深度辨析（有关组合类，友元类)

题目：1327 平面上的点和线——Point类、Line类 (I)

1.正常解法：组合类

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Point {
private :
     double x,y;
public :
     Point(){x = 0;y = 0;}
     Point( double x1, double y1){x = x1;     y = y1;}
     void show(){cout<< "Point : (" <<x<< ", " <<y<< ")" <<endl;}
     Point(Point &p){x = p.x;y = p.y;     }
     double getx(){return x;}
     double gety(){return y;}
};
class Line {
private :
     Point p,q;
public :
     Line( double a, double b, double c, double d):p(a,b),q(c,d){}
     void show(){     cout<< "Line : (" <<p.getx()<< ", " <<p.gety()<< ") to (" <<q.getx()<< ", " <<q.gety()<< ")" <<endl;}
     Line(Point a,Point b):p(a),q(b){}
}; 
int main()
{
     char c;
     int num, i;
     double x1, x2, y1, y2;
     Point p(1, -2), q(2, -1), t;
     t.show();
     std::cin>>num;
     for (i = 1; i <= num; i++)
     {
         std::cin>>x1>>c>>y1>>x2>>c>>y2;
         Line line(x1, y1, x2, y2);
         line.show();
     }
     Line l1(p, q), l2(p, t), l3(q, t), l4(t, q);
     l1.show();
     l2.show();
     l3.show();
     l4.show();
}

2.友元类：（参见c++小小包）（意义类似于将私有变共有，即使友元类有访问权限）

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class Point {
    friend class Line;
private:
    double x,y;
public:
    Point():x(0),y(0) {}
    Point(double x1, double y1) : x(x1), y(y1) {}
    void show() {cout << "Point : (" << x << ", " << y << ")\n";}
};
class Line {
    friend class Point;
private:
    Point p, q;
public:
    Line(Point p1, Point q1):p(p1), q(q1){}
    Line(double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2): p(x1, y1), q(x2, y2){}
    void show() {cout << "Line : (" << p.x << ", " << p.y << ") to (" << q.x << ", " << q.y << ")\n";}
};
int main()
{
    char c;
    int num, i;
    double x1, x2, y1, y2;
    Point p(1, -2), q(2, -1), t;
    t.show();
    std::cin>>num;
    for(i = 1; i <= num; i++)
    {
        std::cin>>x1>>c>>y1>>x2>>c>>y2;
        Line line(x1, y1, x2, y2);
        line.show();
    }
    Line l1(p, q), l2(p, t), l3(q, t), l4(t, q);
    l1.show();
    l2.show();
    l3.show();
    l4.show();
}

3.投机取巧法：（将所有私有成员变成共有）

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>

using namespace std;

class Point {
public:
        double x, y;
        Point(double a=0, double b=0):x(a), y(b) {}
        Point(Point& c) {
                x = c.x;
                y = c.y;
        }
        void show() {
                cout << "Point : (" << x << ", " << y << ")" << endl;
        }
};

class Line {
public:
        Point a, b;
        Line(double aa, double bb, double c, double d):a(aa, bb), b(c, d) {}
        void show () {
                cout << "Line : (" << a.x << ", " << a.y << ") to (" << b.x << ", " << b.y << ")" << endl;
        }
        Line(Point c, Point d):a(c), b(d) {}
};


int main()
{
    char c;
    int num, i;
    double x1, x2, y1, y2;
    Point p(1, -2), q(2, -1), t;
    t.show();
    std::cin>>num;
    for(i = 1; i <= num; i++)
    {
        std::cin>>x1>>c>>y1>>x2>>c>>y2;
        Line line(x1, y1, x2, y2);
        line.show();
    }
    Line l1(p, q), l2(p, t), l3(q, t), l4(t, q);
    l1.show();
    l2.show();
    l3.show();
    l4.show();
}