静态路由综合实验报告（2）

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-16 23:31:28 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-16 23:31:28 发布

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分类专栏： 1 文章标签：网络智能路由器服务器

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_74028286/article/details/129654696

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在这里插入图片描述

要求：
1、全网用192.168.1.0/24进行IP地址分配
2、R5作为DHCP服务器为PC分配IP地址
3、路由上均具备2个环回地址
4、R4与R5之间正常走1000M，备份走100M
5、全网尽量负载均衡
6、减少路由表数量，并避免环路产生，注意防环
7、做到全网可达

实验报告

拓扑结构

在这里插入图片描述

分析

由于只有一个网段，所以首先要划分子网，IP地址根据题目要求使用192.168.1.0/24进行划分，划分时，考虑怎么划分才能做到不浪费，可以将IP地址分成以下几类：骨干链路IP地址和各个路由器上的环回接口地址；骨干中每个网段需要两个IP地址，因此可以使用30位的掩码。在该实验中需要5（用户网段）+1（骨干网段）个网段，在骨干网段中，直接使用30位网络位的IP地址，将其他剩余地址作为预留地址，以备之后的网络扩容使用。

IP规划

划分子网

全局有7个连接设备的骨干链路，以及5台设备10个环回，共有17广播域

192.168.1.0/24子网划分
192.168.1.000 00000/27----192.168.1.0/27----骨干链路
192.168.1.000 000 00/30----192.168.1.0/30---r1~r2
192.168.1.000 001 00/30----192.168.1.4/30---r1~r3
192.168.1.000 010 00/30----192.168.1.8/30---r2~r3
192.168.1.000 011 00/30----192.168.1.12/30---r3~r4
192.168.1.000 100 00/30----192.168.1.16/30---r4~r5上
192.168.1.000 101 00/30----192.168.1.20/30---r4~r5下
192.168.1.000 110 00/30----192.168.1.24/30
192.168.1.000 111 00/30----192.168.1.28/30----->汇总，用于DHCP（r5）
                           192.168.1.24/29
环回接口IP地址分配：
192.168.1.001 00000/27---->192.168.1.32/27-----r1环回
  192.168.1.001 0 0000/28---->192.168.1.32/28
  192.168.1.001 1 0000/28---->192.168.1.64/28
192.168.1.010 00000/27---->192.168.1.64/27-----r2环回
  192.168.1.010 0 0000/28---->192.168.1.64/28
  192.168.1.010 1 0000/28---->192.168.1.80/28
192.168.1.011 00000/27---->192.168.1.96/27-----r3环回
  192.168.1.011 0 0000/28---->192.168.1.96/28
  192.16831.011 1 0000/28---->192.168.1.112/28
192.168.1.100 00000/27---->192.168.1.128/27-----r4环回
  192.168.1.100 0 0000/28---->192.168.1.128/28
  192.168.1.100 1 0000/28---->192.168.1.144/28
192.168.1.101 00000/27---->192.168.1.160/27-----r5环回
  192.168.1.101 0 0000/28---->192.168.1.160/28
  192.168.1.101 1 0000/28---->192.168.1.176/28
192.168.1.110 00000/27---->192.168.1.192/27----保留地址
192.168.1.111 00000/27---->192.168.1.224/27----保留地址

配置IP

r1:

[Huawei]sysname r1
[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 30
Mar 19 2023 15:50:59-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r1]int g0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.5 30
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Mar 19 2023 15:51:42-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r1]int loop	
[r1]int LoopBack 1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.33 28
[r1-LoopBack1]int loop2
[r1-LoopBack2]ip add 192.168.1.49 28
[r1-LoopBack2]display interface brief
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
^down: standby
(e): ETHOAM down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface                   PHY   Protocol InUti OutUti   inErrors  outErrors
GigabitEthernet0/0/0        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/1        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/2        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
LoopBack1                   up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0
LoopBack2                   up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0
NULL0                       up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0

r2:

[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 30
Mar 19 2023 15:58:12-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.9 30
Mar 19 2023 15:58:41-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r2]int loop3
[r2-LoopBack3]ip add 192.168.1.65 28
[r2-LoopBack3]int loop4
[r2-LoopBack4]ip add 192.168.1.81 28
[r2-LoopBack4]q
[r2]display interface brief
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
^down: standby
(e): ETHOAM down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface                   PHY   Protocol InUti OutUti   inErrors  outErrors
GigabitEthernet0/0/0        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/1        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/2        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
LoopBack3                   up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0
LoopBack4                   up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0
NULL0                       up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0

r3:

[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.6 30
Mar 19 2023 16:04:25-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.13 30
Mar 19 2023 16:05:03-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r3]int loop5
[r3-LoopBack5]ip add 192.168.1.97 28
[r3-LoopBack5]int loop6
[r3-LoopBack6]ip add 192.168.1.113 28
[r3-LoopBack6]q
[r3]display interface brief
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
^down: standby
(e): ETHOAM down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface                   PHY   Protocol InUti OutUti   inErrors  outErrors
GigabitEthernet0/0/0        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/1        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/2        down  down        0%     0%          0          0
LoopBack5                   up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0
LoopBack6                   up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0
NULL0                       up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0

r4:

[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.10 30
Mar 19 2023 16:08:13-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g4/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.14 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]
Mar 19 2023 16:09:08-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet4/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]q

[r4]int loop7
[r4-LoopBack7]ip add 192.168.1.129 28
[r4-LoopBack7]int loop8
[r4-LoopBack8]ip add 192.168.1.145 28
[r4-LoopBack8]q
[r4]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.21 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Mar 19 2023 16:12:52-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.17 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Mar 19 2023 16:13:27-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state
[r4]display interface brief 
PHY: Physical
*down: administratively down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
(b): BFD down
^down: standby
(e): ETHOAM down
(d): Dampening Suppressed
InUti/OutUti: input utility/output utility
Interface                   PHY   Protocol InUti OutUti   inErrors  outErrors
GigabitEthernet0/0/0        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/1        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet0/0/2        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
GigabitEthernet4/0/0        up    up          0%     0%          0          0
LoopBack7                   up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0
LoopBack8                   up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0
NULL0                       up    up(s)       0%     0%          0          0

r5:

[r5]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.22 30
Mar 19 2023 16:26:04-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.18 30
Mar 19 2023 16:26:44-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r5]int g0/0/2
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.168.1.25 29
Mar 19 2023 16:27:21-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state. 
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[r5]int loop9
[r5-LoopBack9]ip add 192.168.1.161 28
[r5-LoopBack9]int loop10
[r5-LoopBack10]ip add 192.168.1.177 28
[r5-LoopBack10]q
[r5]display ip interface brief
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 6
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 0
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 6
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 0

Interface                         IP Address/Mask      Physical   Protocol  
GigabitEthernet0/0/0              192.168.1.22/30      up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/1              192.168.1.18/30      up         up        
GigabitEthernet0/0/2              192.168.1.25/29      up         up        
LoopBack9                         192.168.1.161/28     up         up(s)     
LoopBack10                        192.168.1.177/28     up         up(s)     
NULL0                             unassigned           up         up(s)

配置路由

r1:

r1需要配13条路由，才能保证r1的网络能通。

r1去r2的环回:
原本需要配置192.168.1.64/28和192.168.1.80/28两条网址，但为了降低负载和减少路由表数量，可将这两条路由汇总成192.168.1.64/27。
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2

r1到192.168.1.8/30：
下一跳用192.168.1.2而不用192.168.1.6的原因：虽然两个接口都能到达，但是前者更近，可避免绕路。
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2

r1去r3的环回:
将192.168.1.96/28和192.168.1.112/28两条路由汇总成192.168.1.96/27。
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6

r1到192.168.1.12/30：
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6

到目前为止，r1还有r4的两个环回、192.168.1.16/30、192.168.1.20/30、r5的两个环回以及192.168.1.24/29七个路由不认识，而r1到右边所有路由的路径均可借助r2和r3，则可以在此配置等价路由，但是由于对等价路由的配置会将原本需要配置七条路由增加到十四条路由，且对这一部分的网段不能进行汇总（会造成路由黑洞），所以为减小配置量，可在此借用缺省路由进行配置。
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

路由配置查看：
[r1]display this
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.6
ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.6
ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.2
ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.6
#
return

注意：虽然使用缺省路由能够让r1与r2、r3的环回和192.168.1.8、192.168.1.12四个网段相连通，但是由于缺省路由也属于等价路由，可能会造成绕路而浪费网络资源，而且会降低网络配置的完美性，所以不能将这四个网段的配置删除用缺省代替。

r2:

r2需要配13条路由，才能保证r1的网络能通。

r2去r1的环回:
将192.168.1.32/28和192.168.1.48/28汇总成192.168.1.32/27
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

r2去192.168.1.4/30：
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1

r2~r3：因为r2到r3通过r1或r4的路径是一样的，所以在此可以使用等价路由
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10

同r1到右侧七条路由一样，r2在此也可配置一条缺省路由到自r4至右侧的路由：
[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

由于缺省路由可以让r2到192.168.1.12/30，所以不用再配置r2到192.168.1.12的单独路由。

路由配置查看：
[r2]display this
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.10
ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.1
ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.1
ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.1
ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.10
#
return

r3:

r3需要配13条路由，才能保证r1的网络能通。

r3~r1的环回：
将192.168.1.32/28和192.168.1.48/28汇总为192.168.1.32/27
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5

r3到192.168.1.0/30：
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5

r3~r2：因为r3到r2通过r1或r4的路径是一样的，所以在此可以使用等价路由
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14

同r1到右侧七条路由一样，r3在此也可配置一条缺省路由到自r4至右侧的路由：
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
[r3]display this
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.14
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.5
ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.5
ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.5
ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.14
#
return

r4:

r4需要配13条路由，才能保证r1的网络能通。

r4去r1的环回：
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13

r4到192.168.1.0/30：
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9

r4到192.168.1.4/30：
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13

r4去r2的环回：
ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9

r4去r3的环回：
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13

r4到r5及其右侧：
因为r4与r5之间存在浮动静态路由，故在配置IP时要将其中一条的优先级进行降级。
[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 90    //将优先级降低至90

路由配置查看：
[r4]display this
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.18
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.22 preference 90
ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.9
ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.13
ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.9
ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.13
ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.9
ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.13
#
return

r5:

r5需要配13条路由，才能保证r1的网络能通。

由于从r5到r1~r4等左边共有十二个网段，且根据r5到这十二个网段的共性，可以将左边的所有网段汇总成192.168.1.0/24并与r5进行路由配置，但是

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.17
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.1.21 preference 90   //由于r4和r5之间存在浮动静态路由，所以两边的优先级都要改

r5作为DHCP服务器：
开启DHCP功能：
[r5]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
创建IP地址池塘：
[r5]ip pool shazi
Info: It's successful to create an IP address pool.
配置可分配的IP地址网段：
[r5-ip-pool-shazi]network 192.168.1.24 mask 29
配置网关IP地址：
[r5-ip-pool-shazi]gateway-list 192.168.1.25
配置DNS服务器：
[r5-ip-pool-shazi]dns-list 8.8.8.8
开启DHCP接口服务：
[r5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global 
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q

在这里插入图片描述

配置防环路由

r1:[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0
r2:[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0
r3:[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0
r4:[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 NULL 0
r5:[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.160 27 NULL 0
r5的空接口防环：
将192.168.1.196/27，192.168.1.224/27两个保留地址汇总后作为r5的空接口防环路由：
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.192 26 NULL 0

查看路由配置

r1:

在这里插入图片描述

r2:

在这里插入图片描述

r3:

在这里插入图片描述

r4:

在这里插入图片描述

r5:

在这里插入图片描述

测试

r1:

ping r1的环回

在这里插入图片描述

ping r2的环回
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ping r3的环回

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ping r4的环回

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ping r5的环回

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ping pc1

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ping pc2

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r2:

ping r1的环回
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ping r2的环回
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ping r3的环回

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ping r4的环回
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ping r5的环回
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ping pc1

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ping pc2

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r3:

ping r1的环回

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ping r2的环回

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ping r3的环回

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ping r4的环回

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ping r5的环回

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ping pc1

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ping pc2
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r4:

ping r1 的环回
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ping r2的环回

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ping r3的环回
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ping r4的环回

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ping r5的环回

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ping pc1

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ping pc2

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r5:

ping r1的环回

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ping r2的环回

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ping r3的环回

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ping r4的环回
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ping r5的环回

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ping pc1

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ping pc2

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pc1:

ping r1的环回
PC>ping 192.168.1.33

Ping 192.168.1.33: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.33: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=252 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.33: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=252 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.33: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=252 time=63 ms
From 192.168.1.33: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=252 time=62 ms
From 192.168.1.33: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=252 time=31 ms

--- 192.168.1.33 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/46/63 ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.49

Ping 192.168.1.49: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.49: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=252 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.49: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=252 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.49: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=252 time=62 ms
From 192.168.1.49: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=252 time=63 ms
From 192.168.1.49: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=252 time=62 ms

--- 192.168.1.49 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 47/56/63 ms

ping r2的环回
PC>ping 192.168.1.65

Ping 192.168.1.65: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.65: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=253 time=62 ms
From 192.168.1.65: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=253 time=63 ms
From 192.168.1.65: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.65: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.65: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=253 time=47 ms

--- 192.168.1.65 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/46/63 ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.81

Ping 192.168.1.81: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.81: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=253 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.81: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=253 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.81: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.81: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=253 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.81: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=253 time=47 ms

--- 192.168.1.81 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/43/47 ms

ping r3的环回
PC>ping 192.168.1.97

Ping 192.168.1.97: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.97: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=253 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.97: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.97: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.97: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=253 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.97: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=253 time=31 ms

--- 192.168.1.97 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/37/47 ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.113

Ping 192.168.1.113: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.113: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=253 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.113: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=253 time=46 ms
From 192.168.1.113: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=253 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.113: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=253 time=16 ms
From 192.168.1.113: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=253 time=47 ms

--- 192.168.1.113 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 16/40/47 ms

ping r4的环回
PC>ping 192.168.1.129

Ping 192.168.1.129: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.129: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=46 ms
From 192.168.1.129: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=32 ms
From 192.168.1.129: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.129: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.129: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=31 ms

--- 192.168.1.129 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/37/47 ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.145

Ping 192.168.1.145: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.145: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.145: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.145: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.145: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.145: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=31 ms

--- 192.168.1.145 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/34/47 ms

ping r5的环回
PC>ping 192.168.1.161

Ping 192.168.1.161: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.161: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=255 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.161: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.161: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=255 time=32 ms
From 192.168.1.161: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.161: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=255 time=47 ms

--- 192.168.1.161 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/37/47 ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.177

Ping 192.168.1.177: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=255 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=255 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=255 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=255 time=31 ms

--- 192.168.1.177 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/40/47 ms

ping pc2 
PC>ping 192.168.1.29

Ping 192.168.1.29: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.29: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.29: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.29: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.29: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.29: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=32 ms

--- 192.168.1.29 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/40/47 ms

pc2:

ping r1的环回
PC>ping 192.168.1.33

Ping 192.168.1.33: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.33: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=252 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.33: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=252 time=62 ms
From 192.168.1.33: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=252 time=63 ms
From 192.168.1.33: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=252 time=62 ms
From 192.168.1.33: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=252 time=47 ms

--- 192.168.1.33 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 47/56/63 ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.49

Ping 192.168.1.49: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.49: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=252 time=46 ms
From 192.168.1.49: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=252 time=63 ms
From 192.168.1.49: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=252 time=46 ms
From 192.168.1.49: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=252 time=63 ms
From 192.168.1.49: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=252 time=31 ms

--- 192.168.1.49 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/49/63 ms

ping r2的环回
PC>ping 192.168.1.65

Ping 192.168.1.65: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.65: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=253 time=63 ms
From 192.168.1.65: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=253 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.65: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=253 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.65: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=253 time=46 ms
From 192.168.1.65: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=253 time=63 ms

--- 192.168.1.65 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 46/53/63 ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.81

Ping 192.168.1.81: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.81: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=253 time=32 ms
From 192.168.1.81: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.81: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.81: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.81: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=253 time=31 ms

--- 192.168.1.81 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 ms

ping r3的环回
PC>ping 192.168.1.97

Ping 192.168.1.97: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.97: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=253 time=62 ms
From 192.168.1.97: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.97: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=253 time=63 ms
From 192.168.1.97: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=253 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.97: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=253 time=62 ms

--- 192.168.1.97 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/53/63 ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.113

Ping 192.168.1.113: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.113: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.113: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.113: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=253 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.113: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=253 time=32 ms
From 192.168.1.113: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=253 time=62 ms

--- 192.168.1.113 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/37/62 ms

ping r4的环回
PC>ping 192.168.1.129

Ping 192.168.1.129: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.129: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.129: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.129: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=32 ms
From 192.168.1.129: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.129: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=32 ms

--- 192.168.1.129 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/32 ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.145

Ping 192.168.1.145: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.145: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=254 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.145: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=254 time=46 ms
From 192.168.1.145: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=254 time=32 ms
From 192.168.1.145: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=254 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.145: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=254 time=47 ms

--- 192.168.1.145 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/40/47 ms

ping r5的环回
PC>ping 192.168.1.161

Ping 192.168.1.161: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.161: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.161: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.161: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.161: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.161: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=255 time=31 ms

--- 192.168.1.161 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/31/31 ms

PC>ping 192.168.1.177

Ping 192.168.1.177: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=255 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=255 time=31 ms

--- 192.168.1.177 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/34/47 ms

ping pc1
PC>ping 192.168.1.30

Ping 192.168.1.30: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=32 ms

--- 192.168.1.30 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 31/34/47 ms

32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=255 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=255 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.177: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=255 time=31 ms

— 192.168.1.177 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 31/34/47 ms

ping pc1
PC>ping 192.168.1.30

Ping 192.168.1.30: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=128 time=47 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=128 time=31 ms
From 192.168.1.30: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=128 time=32 ms

— 192.168.1.30 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 31/34/47 ms