String常见用法

处理含有中文的字符串

#include<iostream> 
#include<string>
using namespace std;

//通过下标拆字符串 
void idx_apart(string input){
    //拆开含有中文的字符串时，要注意一个中文占2个字符为（不同OJ可能一个中文占的字符数不一样） 
    string s1 = input.substr(0, 4);
    string s2 = input.substr(4);
    cout << s1 << " " << s2;
}

int main()
{
    string input;
    cin >> input;    
    idx_apart(input);    
    return 0;
}

将字符串s中的子字符串oldVal替换成字符串newVal

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#define ll long long
using namespace std;

void replace_string(string &s, const string &oldVal, const string &newVal){
    unsigned long p = 0;
    while( (p = s.find(oldVal, p)) != string::npos && p < s.size()){
        s.replace(p, oldVal.size(), newVal);
        p += newVal.size();
    }
}

int main(){
    int t;
    cin >> t;
    while(t--){
        cin.get();
        string s, oldVal, newVal;
        getline(cin, s);
        getline(cin, oldVal);
        getline(cin, newVal);
        replace_string(s, oldVal, newVal);
        cout << s; 
    }
    return 0;
}

对字符串s添加前缀和后缀

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#define ll long long
using namespace std;

void add_string(string &s, const string &qianzhui, const string &houzhui){
    s.insert(0, qianzhui);
    s.append(houzhui);    // s.insert(s.size(), houzhui)也能实现添加后缀
}

int main(){
    int t;
    cin >> t;
    while(t--){
        cin.get();
        string s, qianzhui, houzhui;
        getline(cin, s);
        getline(cin, qianzhui);
        getline(cin, houzhui);
        add_string(s, qianzhui, houzhui);
        cout << s; 
    }
    return 0;
}