C++:类和对象-运算符重载-加法运算符重载

运算符重载概念：对已有的运算符重新进行定义，赋予其另一种功能，以适应不同的数据类型
对于内置数据类型：编译器知道如何进行运算
int a=10;
int b=10;
int c=a*b;
编译器不知道的情况
class Person {
public:
    int ma;
    int mb;
};
int main() {
    Person p1;
    p1.ma = 10;
    p1.mb = 10;
    Person p2;
    p2.ma = 10;
    p2.mb = 10;
    Person p3 = p1 + p2;
}
所以上述代码是错误的。

思考：通过自己写一个成员函数，实现两个对象相加属性后返回新的对象
 

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Person {
public:
	int ma;
	int mb;
	Person PersonAddPerson(Person& p) {
		Person temp;
		temp.ma = this->ma + p.ma;
		temp.mb = this->mb + p.mb;
		return temp;
	}
};
int main() {
	Person p1;
	p1.ma = 10;
	p1.mb = 10;
	Person p2;
	p2.ma = 10;
	p2.mb = 10;
	Person temp=p2.PersonAddPerson(p1);
	cout << temp.ma << endl;
}

编译器起了一个通用的名称
1.通过成员函数重载+
operater+

例子如下：
 

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Person {
public:
	int ma;
	int mb;
	Person operator+ (Person& p) {
		Person temp;
		temp.ma = this->ma + p.ma;
		temp.mb = this->mb + p.mb;
		return temp;
	}
};
int main() {
	Person p1;
	p1.ma = 10;
	p1.mb = 10;
	Person p2;
	p2.ma = 10;
	p2.mb = 10;
	Person temp=p2.operator+(p1);
	Person p3 = p1 + p2;//上一行代码与此行代码一致
	cout << "temp中ma=" << temp.ma << endl;
	cout << "p3中ma=" << p3.ma << endl;
}

2.通过全局变量重载+
Person operat+(Person &p1,Person &p2){}

例子如下：
 

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Person {
public:
	int ma;
	int mb;
	Person operator+ (Person& p) {
		Person temp;
		temp.ma = this->ma + p.ma;
		temp.mb = this->mb + p.mb;
		return temp;
	}
};//通过全局函数重载+
Person operator+(Person& p1, Person& p2) {
	Person temp;
	temp.ma = p1.ma + p2.ma;
	temp.mb = p1.mb + p2.mb;
	return temp;
}
int main() {
	Person p1;
	p1.ma = 10;
	p1.mb = 10;
	Person p2;
	p2.ma = 10;
	p2.mb = 10;
	Person p3 = operator+(p1,p2);
	cout << p3.ma << endl;
}