Ubuntu24.04-server的安装与初始化

一、创建虚拟机

        1.1 新建虚拟机

                1）选择典型安装

                2）稍后安装操作系统

                3）客户机操作系统选择[Linux]，版本选择[Ubuntu 64位]

                4）修改一个好听的虚拟机名称，将虚拟机存储在非C盘的任意地方

                5）指定磁盘容量，默认即可

                6）自定义硬件，新 CD/DVD指定为 /[存储的位置]/Ubuntu24.04

                7）完成

        1.2 配置安装Ubuntu24.04

                1)   安装Ubuntu Server

                 

                2）选择语言

                 

                3）选择键盘布局

                 

                4）选择安装配置

               

                5）配置网络 

 

 

                 

                6）配置代理服务

               

                7）验证镜像

 

               

                8）配置磁盘 

 

 

                 

                9）配置用户

               

                10）是否启用 Ubuntu pro

               

                11）配置SSH远程连接

               

                 12）安装额外服务

           

                13）确认安装并重启

 

        1.3 配置Ubuntu24.04 

                1）测试ssh连接

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ ip a | grep inet | grep ens33
    inet 10.0.0.100/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global ens33

测试连接 ： ssh ubuntu@10.0.0.100

               

                2）启用root账户                 

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo passwd root
New password:     [新的root密码]
Retype new password:     [确认root密码]
passwd: password updated successfully    成功

#

# 使ssh可以通过root用户连接

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo sed -i "s/#PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/PermitRootLogin yes/g" /etc/ssh/sshd_config

#

#sudo reboot重启，使用root用户登录

ssh root@10.0.0.100

root@ubuntu:~#

                3）更换仓库源

 #备份仓库源

root@ubuntu:~# cp /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources.bak

#

# 修改仓库源为清华源

root@ubuntu:~# cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources << EOF
> Types: deb
> URIs: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
> Suites: noble noble-updates noble-security
> Components: main restricted universe multiverse
> Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
> EOF

#

#查看

root@ubuntu:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources
Types: deb
URIs: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

#

# 更新缓存

apt-get update

#

# 更新

apt-get upgrade

#

# 测试

root@ubuntu:~# apt install apache2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  apache2-bin apache2-data apache2-utils libapr1t64 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libaprutil1t64
  liblua5.4-0 ssl-cert
Suggested packages:
  apache2-doc apache2-suexec-pristine | apache2-suexec-custom www-browser
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  apache2 apache2-bin apache2-data apache2-utils libapr1t64 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap libaprutil1t64
  liblua5.4-0 ssl-cert
0 upgraded, 10 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 2,083 kB of archives.
After this operation, 8,094 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] n
Abort.

至此，Ubuntu24.04安装完成