如何形成的环
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname r1
[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 11.1.1.1 24
Nov 17 2022 13:29:49-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]in g 0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.1.1.1 24
Nov 17 2022 13:30:11-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[r1]ip route-static 23.1.1.0 24 11.1.1.2
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 11.1.1.2
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.1.1.2
[r1]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 13 Routes : 13
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
11.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 11.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
11.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
11.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.1.1.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 11.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 11.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname r2
[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24
Nov 17 2022 13:31:06-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]in g 0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.1 24
Nov 17 2022 13:31:38-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 23.1.1.2
[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 23.1.1.2
[r2]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 23.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
12.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 23.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
23.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 23.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname r3
[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 23.1.1.2 24
Nov 17 2022 13:32:24-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]in g 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
Nov 17 2022 13:32:52-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[r3]ip route-static 12.1.1.0 24 23.1.1.1
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[r3]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 12 Routes : 12
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
0.0.0.0/0 Static 60 0 RD 192.168.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
12.1.1.0/24 Static 60 0 RD 23.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 23.1.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.1.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
23.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
192.168.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
192.168.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
255.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
r1由于同时存在0.0.0.0 0和其余端口,由于存在常用端口12.1.1.0 24因此数据包从g0/0/1接口到达r2,r2同时存在0.0.0.0 0和其余端口,由于存在常用端口23.1.1.0 24因此数据包从g0/0/1接口到达r3,数据包未在r3发现PC3的端口,并且r3存在0.0.0.0 0端口,数据包便从g0/0/0到达r2,由于r2存在常用端口23.1.1.0 24又回到r3,数据包因此在r2与r3之间形成闭环。