目录
地址规划,配置缺省路由
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.1 29
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.34.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.2 29
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.35.1 24
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.1 24
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.3 29.
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.36.1 24
[ISP-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.2 24
[ISP-Serial4/0/1]ip add 45.0.0.2 24
[ISP-Serial3/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.2 24
[ISP-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.1 24
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.2
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.1 24
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.1 24
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.2
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.1 29
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.1 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.1 29
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.2 29
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.92.1 24
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.9 29
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ip add 172.16.97.10 29
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.129.1 29
[R9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.1 24
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.129.2 29
[R10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.131.1 24
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0] ip add 172.16.65.2 29
[R11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.66.1 24
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.65.9 29
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.10 29
[R12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.1 20
[R12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.176.1 20
Erea0:搭建MGRE环境
R3
星型拓扑结构,R3为中心站点
OSPF组播发送数据包,但MGRE只支持单播,所以必须在中心开启伪广播
interface Tunnel0/0/0 ---创建Tunnel接口
ip address 172.16.1.1 29 ---配置隧道私网IP
tunnel-protocol gre p2mp ---定义封装协议
source 34.0.0.1 ---源IP地址
nhrp network-id 100 ---目标IP 地址
nhrp entry multicast dynamic ---中心开启伪广播
R5
interface Tunnel0/0/0
ip add 172.16.1.2 29
tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
source serial 4/0/0 ---关联接口
nhrp network-id 100
nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register ---找中心注册
R6
interface Tunnel0/0/0
ip add 172.16.1.3 29
tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
source s 4/0/0
nhrp network-id 100
nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
R7
interface Tunnel0/0/0
ip add 172.16.1.4 29
tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
source g 0/0/0
nhrp network-id 100
nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
启动OSPF协议、RIP协议
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.25
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.32.0 0.0.7.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.7.255
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.10 0.0.0.0
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[R10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.10 0.0.0.0
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]rip
[R12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
汇总(LSA的优化)
配置应区域的对应的ABR设备
后接网段汇总之后的 结果(必须写汇总网段的真实掩码)
汇总实质是对3类和5类LSA进行汇总
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.168.96.0 255.255.224.0
[R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
Erea1:stub区域
stub区域—末梢区域
配置条件: 不能是骨干区域 不能存在虚链路V-LINK 不能存在ASBR设备
拒绝学习4类和5类LSA
让R3配为完全末梢,不发第三类LSA(三类传区域间)
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
Erea2,3:nssa区域
NSSA--非完全末梢区域
配置条件: 不能是骨干区域 不能存在虚链路V-LINK 必须存在ASBR设备
区域将拒绝学习4类和5类LSA,同时由本区域的ABR设备生成一条7类缺省
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise---5类缺省 --- 通过配置命令生成,将域外的路由信息重发布到OSPF中
Erea4:重发布
将该非法ABR转换为ASBR,进行协议间路由条目共享
r12为asbr,因此域外路由需要向域内重发布
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[R9-ospf-1]undo a 4
[R9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip
加速收敛
减少计时器的时间,修改hello时间的命令
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
NAT,ospf认证
区域认证
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
接口认证
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[R7]acl 2000
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
(R5,R6其它同上)
全网通测试
具体网段规划,子网划分
172.16.0.0 16 --借位 3
172.16.000 00000.00000000
172.16.000 00000.00000000 --19
172.16.0.0 19---骨干 0---24/25/26
172.16.000 00000.00000000 24
area 0
172.16.000 00011.00000000 24
172.16.0.0 24--骨干链路(P2P骨干)/30
172.16.00000000.000001 00
172.16.0.0 30
172.16.0.4 30
172.16.0.8 30
...
172.16.1.0 24--骨干链路(MA骨干)/29
172.16.1.00000 000
172.16.1.0 29
172.16.1.8 29
172.16.1.16 29
...
172.16.2.0 24
172.16.3.0 24
172.16.4.0 24
172.16.5.0 24
...
172.16.001 00000.00000000 --19
172.16.32.0 19--区域1
172.16.32.0 24--P2P
172.16.32.0 30
172.16.32.4 30
172.16.32.8 30
172.16.33.0 24 --MA
172.16.33.0 29
172.16.33.8 29
172.16.33.16 29
172.16.33.24 29
172.16.34.0 24--用户
172.16.35.0 24
...
172.16.64.0 19--区域2
172.16.64.0 24 P2P
172.16.64.0 30
172.16.64.4 30
172.16.64.8 30
172.16.64.12 30
172.16.65.0 24--MA
172.16.65.0 29
172.16.65.8 29
172.16.65.16 29
172.16.66.0 24
172.16.67.0 24
172.16.96.0 19--区域3
172.16.96.0 24-P2P
172.16.96.0 30
172.16.96.4 30
172.16.97.0 24-MA
172.16.97.0 29
172.16.97.8 29
172.16.97.16 29
172.16.98.0 24
172.16.99.0 24
172.16.128.0 19--区域4
172.16.128.0 24 -P2P
172.16.128.0 30
172.16.128.4 30
172.16.129.0 24-MA
172.16.129.0 29
172.16.129.8 29
172.16.130.0 24
172.16.131.0 24
172.16.160.0 19--RIP
172.16.160.0 24
172.16.161.0 24
备份:
172.16.192.0/19
172.16.224.0/19