Linux使用结构化命令

目录

1 if结构化命令

2 for结构化命令

3 while结构化命令

4 until迭代语句

---

1 if结构化命令

if command

then commands

fi（bash shell 会用fi语句在if then之后表示该语句结束）

elif命令检查系统是否有该用户，若有就输出该用户目录下的文件

#!/bin/bash
#testing the else statement
echo "*****************************"
echo "test else satemenr"
user=lys
if grep $user /etc/passwd
then
        echo "$user was found in the system:"
        ls -a /home/$user/.b*
else
        echo "the user $user does not exist on this system."
        echo
fi
echo "***********************"

#if (if)
echo "test the nested if statement"
if grep $user /etc/passwd
then
        echo "the user $user exists on this system:"
        ls -a /home/$user/.b*
else
        echo "the user $user does not exist on this system."
        if ls -d /home/$user/
        then
                echo "However. $user has a directorty."
        fi
fi
echo

2 for结构化命令

创建循环进行遍历

for命令基本格式：

for var in list

do commands

done 

IFS=:
for s in $HOME
do
   echo "$s:"
   for file in $s/*
   do
      if [ -x $file ]
      then
          echo "   $file"
          echo"文件可执行  "
      fi
   done
done

运行结果如下：

3 while结构化命令

当语句符合条件程序继续进行如果状态码不是0的话则终止程序。

while命令基本结构：

while test command

do other commands

done

代码展示

#!/bin/bash
#while command test
echo "***** while command test*****"
var1=5
while [ $var1 -gt 0 ]
do
        echo $var1
        var1=$[ $var1 - 1 ]
done
echo

#using mulriple test command
echo "*****using mutiple test command*****"
var1=5
while echo $var1
        [ $var1 -ge 0 ]
do
        echo "This is inside the loop"
        var1=$[ $var1 - 1 ]
done
echo

运行结果如下：

4 until迭代语句

与while命令不同until语句需要指定一个条件当满足这个条件后退出

until命令基本结构：

until test command

do other commands

done

嵌套循环

打印九九乘法表

y轴循环九次，且打印九行空行

x轴打印与y轴的乘积

#!/bin/bash
y=1
until [ $y -gt 9 ]
do
        x=1
        until [ $x -gt $y ]
        do
                echo -ne "$x*$y=$[ $x*$y ]\t"
                let x++
        done
echo
echo
let y++
done

结果展示：