关于Android中的Handler消息机制

一、子线程发送消息到主线程

public class HandlerTest extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Handler handler;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_handler_test);

        new WorkThread().start();

        handler=new Handler(){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                super.handleMessage(msg);
                switch (msg.what){
                    case 0x1:
                        String infomation = msg.obj.toString();
                        Log.d("fHandlerTest", "handleMessage: --->"+infomation);
                        break;
                }
            }
        };
    }

    class WorkThread extends Thread{
        @Override
        public void run() {
            super.run();
            Message message = handler.obtainMessage();
            message.what=0x1;
            message.obj="子线程发送消息到主线程";
            handler.sendMessage(message);
        }
    }

}

我们看一下我们的控制台:

二、主线程向子线程发送消息

1. 保证子线程在主线程发送消息前处于启动状态
2. 通过Handler来发送消息到子线程中的消息队列中
3. 子线程的handMessage来处理主线程发送的消息

public class HandlerTest extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Handler handler;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_handler_test);

        WorkThread wThread=new WorkThread();
        wThread.start();

        //防止Handler初始化的时候，thread.looper还没有初始化，这里我们让主线程等待100ms.
        try {
            Thread.sleep(100);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        handler=new Handler(wThread.looper){
            @Override
            public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                Log.d("Handler", "当前线程是------>"+Thread.currentThread());
                super.handleMessage(msg);
                switch (msg.what){
                    case 0x2:
                        String s = msg.obj.toString();
                        Log.d("HandlerTest", "handleMessage: --->>"+s);
                        break;
                }
            }
        };

        Message message = handler.obtainMessage();
        message.what=0x2;
        message.obj="主线程发送消息到子线程中";
        Log.d("Handler", "当前线程是------>"+Thread.currentThread());
        handler.sendMessage(message);


    }

    class WorkThread extends Thread{
        private Looper looper;
        @Override
        public void run() {
            super.run();
            Looper.prepare();
            looper=Looper.myLooper();
            Looper.loop();
        }
    }

}

接下来我们继续看我们的控制台

ok，这样子我们就实现了主—>子，子—>主之间的消息传递，接下来我们看下在我们的子线程与子线程间的消息传递。

三、子线程与子线程之间的消息传递

public class HandlerTest extends AppCompatActivity {

    private Handler handler;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_handler_test);

        final WorkThread wThread=new WorkThread();
        wThread.start();

        Log.i("HandlerTest","当前线程是------>"+Thread.currentThread().getName());

        //发送消息到WorkThread线程中
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                handler=new Handler(wThread.looper){
                    @Override
                    public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
                        super.handleMessage(msg);
                        Log.i("HandlerTest","当前线程是------>"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
                        switch (msg.what){
                            case 0x3:
                                String s = msg.obj.toString();
                                Log.i("HandlerTest", "handleMessage: ------>"+s);
                                break;
                        }
                    }
                };

                Message message = handler.obtainMessage();
                message.what=0x3;
                message.obj="子--->子";
                handler.sendMessage(message);
            }
        }).start();
    }

    class WorkThread extends Thread{
        private Looper looper;
        @Override
        public void run() {
            super.run();
            Log.i("HandlerTest","当前线程是------>"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
            Looper.prepare();
            looper=Looper.myLooper();
            Looper.loop();
        }
    }
}

同上，我们看一下我们的控制台打印的信息:

OK，到这里我们就对对我们的Handler在线程中消息的传递有一个大致的了解，但是，这只是皮毛。需要进一步探索Handler知识点的童鞋可以跟踪下其源码，或者观看《Android开发艺术》这本书。