C语言之pthread_join

友链

pthread_join是一个阻塞函数，接受两个参数，一个是线程id，另一个是存储返回指的双重指针

pthread_join函数会一直阻塞直到线程id对应的线程结束，用法如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <pthread.h>

void *worker_1(void *arg)
{
    int i = 0;
    while (i < 4)
    {
        sleep(1);
        i++;
    }
    return NULL;
}

void *worker_2(void *arg)
{
    int i = 0;
    while (i < 2)
    {
        sleep(1);
        i++;
    }
    pthread_exit(arg);
    return NULL;
}

void *worker_3(void *arg)
{
    int i = 0;
    while (i < 2)
    {
        sleep(1);
        i++;
    }
    return NULL;
}

int main()
{
    pthread_t tid1, tid2, tid3;
    pthread_attr_t thread_attr_1;
    pthread_attr_init(&thread_attr_1);
    pthread_attr_t thread_attr_2;
    pthread_attr_init(&thread_attr_2);
    pthread_attr_t thread_attr_3;
    pthread_attr_init(&thread_attr_3);
    int exit_status;
    pthread_create(&tid1, &thread_attr_1, worker_1, NULL);
    pthread_create(&tid2, &thread_attr_2, worker_2, &exit_status);
    pthread_create(&tid3, &thread_attr_3, worker_3, NULL);

    // 回收子线程的资源,阻塞
    int detachstate;
    pthread_attr_getdetachstate(&thread_attr_1, &detachstate);
    pthread_attr_destroy(&thread_attr_1);
    int* error_num;
    if (PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE == detachstate)
    {
        printf("tdi_1 is still joinable\n");
        pthread_join(tid1, (void *)&error_num);
        if (NULL != error_num)
            printf("tid_1 join return value: %d\n", *error_num);
    }
    printf("%d thread is exited\n", tid1);
    pthread_attr_getdetachstate(&thread_attr_2, &detachstate);
    pthread_attr_destroy(&thread_attr_2);
    if (PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE == detachstate)
    {
        printf("tdi_2 is still joinable\n");
        pthread_join(tid2, (void *)&error_num);
        if (NULL != error_num)
            printf("tid_2 join return value: %d\n", *error_num);
    }
    printf("%d thread is exited\n", tid2);
    pthread_attr_getdetachstate(&thread_attr_3, &detachstate);
    pthread_attr_destroy(&thread_attr_3);
    if (PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE == detachstate)
    {
        printf("tdi_3 is still joinable\n");
        pthread_join(tid3, (void *)&error_num);
        if (NULL != error_num)
            printf("tid_3 join return value: %d\n", *error_num);
    }
    printf("%d thread is exited\n", tid3);
}

可以看到，我们在线程回调函数中，调用pthread_exit，将arg作为参数传入，最后在thread_join函数中我们可以获取到线程的退出状态

你可能会问为什么要用pthread_join函数，直接使用pthread_detach把线程分离掉不好吗，还不会阻塞

在上面这个例子中我们是看不出来效果的，但是如果你想在主线程中在子线程结束之后执行操作，就必须要执行pthread_join了，因为pthread_join会一直阻塞，直到该线程结束，这样你就可以确保你是在某个线程结束后执行操作，具体的案例，我还没有碰到，如果后面碰到了，我会回来更新