java反射

一，加载类字节码文件到内存的方法

1. 类名.Class
2. 对象.getClass
3. Class.forName(); //传包名和类名

二，获取构造方法

1. getConstructor() //获取public类型的指定构造器

public class Test {
    @org.junit.Test
    public void createObj() throws NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchFieldException {
        Class<Student> clazz = Student.class;
            Constructor<Student> con = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
            con.setAccessible(true);
            //创建空参对象
            Student student = con.newInstance();
        
    	//获取指定变量
        Field name = clazz.getDeclaredField("name");
        name.setAccessible(true);
        //为变量赋值
        name.set(student,"张三");
        
        Field age = clazz.getDeclaredField("age");
        age.setAccessible(true);
        age.set(student,14);
        
        Field score = clazz.getDeclaredField("score");
        score.setAccessible(true);
        score.set(student,88.8);

        System.out.println(student);
    }
}

1. getDeclaredConstructor //获取只要存在就能拿到的构造器

Class<Cat> clazz = Cat.class;
        //参数为字节码文件
        Constructor<Cat> con = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class,int.class);
        //取消访问权限
        con.setAccessible(true);
        //带参创建对象
        Cat cat = con.newInstance("失败",3);

1. getConstructors() //获取全部public类型的构造器
2. getDeclaredConstructors() //获取全部只要存在就能拿到的构造器

三，获取成员变量

1. getFields();
2. getDeclaredFields();
3. getDeclaredField（）；

Class<Cat> clazz = Cat.class;

        System.out.println("-------获取全部public变量----------");
        Field[] fields = clazz.getFields();
        for (Field field : fields) {
            System.out.println(field);
        }

        System.out.println("--------获取全部变量---------");
        Field[] names = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field field : names) {
            System.out.println(field);
        }

        System.out.println("--------获取指定名称变量---------");
        Field name = clazz.getDeclaredField("name");
        System.out.println(name);

        System.out.println("---------变量赋值--------");
        Cat cat = new Cat();
        name.setAccessible(true);
        name.set(cat,"失败");
        System.out.println(cat);

        System.out.println("--------变量取值---------");
        String o = (String) name.get(cat);
        System.out.println(o);

    }

四，获取方法

1. getDeclaredMethods();
2. getDeclaredMethod(); //参数为（方法名，方法参数类型）

@Test
    public void testMethods() throws NoSuchMethodException, InvocationTargetException, IllegalAccessException {
        System.out.println("-----------获取所有方法-------------");
        Class<Cat> clazz = Cat.class;
        Method[] methods = clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
        for (Method method : methods) {
            System.out.println(method.getName() + "-->" + method.getParameterCount() + "-->" + method.getReturnType());
        }

        System.out.println("-------------使用带参方法-------------");
        //参数为（方法名，方法参数类型）
        Method fun = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("fun", String.class);
        Cat cat = new Cat();
        //执行，参数为(obj,方法参数)
        fun.invoke(cat,"哈哈");

        System.out.println("------------使用无参方法--------------");
        Method method = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("fun");
        method.invoke(cat);

    }