UBUNTU下的语言设置和源设置

UBUNTU下的语言设置和源设置

一、语言设置
管理locale设定的是/etc/environment文件，locale把按照所涉及到的文化传统的各个方面分成12个大类，这12个大类分别是：
1、语言符号及其分类(LC_CTYPE)
2、数字(LC_NUMERIC)
3、比较和排序习惯(LC_COLLATE)
4、时间显示格式(LC_TIME)
5、货币单位(LC_MONETARY)
6、信息主要是提示信息,错误信息, 状态信息, 标题, 标签, 按钮和菜单等(LC_MESSAGES)
7、姓名书写方式(LC_NAME)
8、地址书写方式(LC_ADDRESS)
9、电话号码书写方式(LC_TELEPHONE)
10、度量衡表达方式(LC_MEASUREMENT)
11、默认纸张尺寸大小(LC_PAPER)
12、对locale自身包含信息的概述(LC_IDENTIFICATION)。

如果只想要一个可以输入中文的环境，而保持菜单、标题，系统信息等等为英文界面，那么只需要设定
LC_CTYPE＝zh_CN.UTF-8
LANG=en_US.UTF-8

我修改如下：
vi /etc/environment
LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
LANGUAGE="en_US:en"
LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.UTF-8"

重启后生效

二、源设置
1、备份当前的源列表，以便日后需要时恢复
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup
2、编辑源列表
vi /etc/apt/sources.list

Ubuntu.cn99.com更新服务器（江苏省常州市电信，推荐电信用户使用）：

deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu-cn/ gutsy main restricted universe multiverse


成都市 电子科技大学更新服务器（教育网，推荐校园网和网通用户使用）：

deb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.uestc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse restricted universe

== 如果无法解析uestc.edu.cn域名，请使用以下地址 ==

deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ubuntu.dormforce.net/ubuntu/ gutsy-updates main multiverse restricted universe

台湾的官方源速度也相当不错，有时甚至快于内地的：

deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://tw.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu gutsy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

3、保存编辑好的文件，执行以下命令更新
apt-get update #这一步是更新源列表，换源后必须执行
apt-get dist-upgrade #这一步是更新软件