C语言实现单链表(带头结点的)

在用结构体写单链表时，需要先了解指针

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h> 
struct Node
{	
	int data;	
	struct Node *next;
}; 
//1.创建一个表头，表示整个链表
struct Node* createlistHead()
{	
	//链表的基本单元是结构体
	//动态申请内存，将结构体指针转变为结构体变量	
	struct Node* listHead = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));	
	//初始化结构体变量	
	//表头不装数据	
	listHead->next = NULL;	
	return listHead;
}
//2.创建节点；为插入做准备
struct Node* createNewNode(int data)
{	
	struct Node* NewNode = (struct Node*)malloc(sizeof(struct Node));	
	NewNode->data = data;	
	NewNode->next = NULL;	
	return NewNode;
}
//3.打印链表;创建一个移动指针依此打印链表中的元素
void print(struct Node*listHead)
{	//由于表头没有数据，即从表头的下一个节点开始打印	
	struct Node* pMove = listHead->next;	
	while (pMove) //如果pMove不空	
	{		
		printf("%d\t", pMove->data);		
		pMove = pMove->next;	
	}	
	printf("\n");
}
//4.链表的插入；表头插入
void insertNewNodebyhead(struct Node* listhead, int data)
{	
	struct Node* NewNode = createNewNode(data);
	//调用创建节点的函数	
	NewNode->next = listhead->next;	
	listhead->next = NewNode;
}
//5.标尾插入
void insertNewNodebytail(struct Node* listhead, int data)
{	
	//第一步，创建节点	
	struct Node* newNode = createNewNode(data);	
	//第二步，找到最后一个元素
	struct Node* tail = listhead;
	//移动指针，找到最后一个元素	
	while (tail->next!=NULL)//如果不空	
	{		
		tail = tail->next;	
	}	
	//第三步，循环退出，即找到最后一个元素，将最后一个元素的next指向新的节点	
	tail->next = newNode;
}
//6.指定位置前插入
void insertNewNodebyAppoint(struct Node* listhead, int data, int n)
{	
	struct Node* appointfront=listhead;	
	struct Node* appoint = listhead->next;	
	if (listhead == NULL)//链表为空的话就不用找了	
	{		
		printf("链表为空！！\n");		
		return;	
	}	
	else	
	{		
		while (appoint->data != n)		
		{			
			//如果未找到依此往后面移动				
			appoint = appoint->next;			
			appointfront = appointfront->next;			
			if (appoint == NULL)			
			{				
				printf("未能找到相关信息!!\n");				
				return;			
			}		
		} 		
		//如果循环退出，即找到，插入节点		
		//创建节点		
		struct Node* newNode = createNewNode(data);		
		appointfront->next = newNode;		
		newNode->next = appoint;	
		}
}
//7.表头删除
void deleteNodebyhead(struct Node* listhead)
{	
	//从链表的第2个元素开始删除	
	struct Node* deleteNode = listhead->next;		
	listhead->next = deleteNode->next;	
	free(deleteNode);	
	deleteNode = NULL;
}
//8.表尾删除
void deleteNodebytail(struct Node* listhead)
{	
	struct Node* tail = listhead;	
	struct Node* tailfront = NULL; 	
	while (tail->next != NULL) //找到表尾	
	{		
		tailfront = tail;		
		tail = tail->next;	
	}	
	free(tail);	
	tailfront->next = NULL;	
	tail = NULL; 
}
//9.指定位置删除
void deletNodebyAppoint(struct Node* listhead,int data)
{	
	struct Node* appointfront = listhead;	
	struct Node* appoint = listhead->next;	
	if (listhead == NULL)//链表为空的话就不用找了	
	{		
		printf("链表为空！！\n");		
		return;
	}	
	else	
	{		
		while (appoint->data != data)		
		{			
			//如果未找到依此往后面移动			
			appoint = appoint->next;			
			appointfront = appointfront->next;			
			if (appoint == NULL)			
			{				
				printf("未能找到相关信息!!\n");				
				return;			
			}		
		}		
		appointfront->next = appoint->next;		
		free(appoint);		
		appoint = NULL;	
	}
}
int main()
{	
	printf("表头插入，输入你要插入元素的个数\n");	
	int n;	
	scanf("%d", &n); 	
	struct Node* list = createlistHead();//创建头结点		
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)	
	{		
		int m;		
		scanf("%d", &m);		
		insertNewNodebyhead(list, m);	
	}	
	print(list);//打印list链表 	
	printf("表尾插入，请输入你要插入元素的个数\n"); 	
	int a;	
	scanf("%d", &a);	
	struct Node* list1 = createlistHead();	
	for (int i = 0; i < a; i++)	
	{		
		int b;		
		scanf("%d", &b);
		insertNewNodebytail(list1, b);
	}	
	print(list1); 	
	printf("在指定位置插入8元素：\n");	
	insertNewNodebyAppoint(list1, 8, 3);	
	print(list1); 	
	printf("表头删除\n");	
	deleteNodebyhead(list1);	
	print(list1); 	
	printf("表尾删除\n");	
	deleteNodebytail(list1);	
	print(list1); 	
	int k;	
	printf("指定位置删除，输入你想删除list中的元素：");	
	scanf("%d", &k);	
	deletNodebyAppoint(list, k);	
	print(list); 	
	system("pause");	
	return 0;
}

源代码和运行结果在图片上显示