C++ Virtual关键字实现动态绑定

    C++中的动态绑定，是通过Virtual关键字来指定为虚函数，通过基类指针或引用调用。

    示例代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
using namespace std;

//学习Virtual,了解通过Virtual实现动态绑定
class Zone{

public:
	Zone(){
		cout << "construct a zone" << endl;
	}

  virtual void func(){
		cout << "I'm a zone" << endl;
	}

~Zone(){
		cout << "destruct Zone" << endl;
	}
};

class Country : public Zone{

public:
	Country(){
		cout << "construct a country" << endl;
	}

	void func(){
		cout << " i'm a country" << endl;
	}

	~Country(){
		cout << "destruct country" << endl;
	}
};

class China : public Country{

public:
	China(){
		cout << "Construct China" << endl;
	}

	void func(){
		cout << "I'm China" << endl;
	}

	~China(){
		cout << "destruct China" << endl;
	}
};

int main()
{
	FILE* fp = freopen("D:\mylog.txt","w",stdout);
	if(NULL == fp) return -1;
	Zone* c = new China;
	c->func();
	delete c;
	fclose(fp);
	return 0;
}

输出：
        construct a zone
construct a country
Construct China
I'm China
destruct Zone

从Log中看到，通过Zone基类指针，指向China子类，调用的是子类的func方法，而不是基类的。

而析构函数只调用了基类的，未调用子类的。

修改方式为在Zone析构函数前加Virtual即可。

打印结果：

construct a zone
construct a country
Construct China
I'm China
destruct China
destruct country
destruct Zone