foundation——容器——创建 初始化

NSArray

create

+ (instancetype)array;
+ (instancetype)arrayWithArray:(NSArray<objecttype> *)array;
+ (nullable NSArray<objecttype> *)arrayWithContentsOfFile:(NSString *)path;
+ (nullable NSArray<objecttype> *)arrayWithContentsOfURL:(NSURL *)url;
+ (instancetype)arrayWithObject:(ObjectType)anObject;
+ (instancetype)arrayWithObjects:(ObjectType)firstObj, ... NS_REQUIRES_NIL_TERMINATION;
+ (instancetype)arrayWithObjects:(const ObjectType [])objects count:(NSUInteger)cnt;

init

- (instancetype)init NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
- (instancetype)initWithArray:(NSArray<objecttype> *)array;
- (instancetype)initWithArray:(NSArray<objecttype> *)array copyItems:(BOOL)flag;
- (nullable NSArray<objecttype> *)initWithContentsOfFile:(NSString *)path;
- (nullable NSArray<objecttype> *)initWithContentsOfURL:(NSURL *)url;
- (instancetype)initWithObjects:(ObjectType)firstObj, ... NS_REQUIRES_NIL_TERMINATION;
- (instancetype)initWithObjects:(const ObjectType [])objects count:(NSUInteger)cnt NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;

总结

注意：

• arrayWithContentsOfFile和arrayWithContentsOfURL对应的内容包含的只能是属性列表对象，解析出来的放入array的都是immutable对象
• arrayWithObject和arrayWithObjects传入的必须是non-nil对象(NSArray会进行nil判断，只有非nil才会加入NSArray)，arrayWithObjects必须以nil结束，nil并不会被放入数组，只是起哨兵作用(可变参数结束标志)

注意：

• initWithArray:copyItems，当flag = YES时，取array元素copy，此时array元素必须遵守NSCopying协议，当flag = NO时，跟initWithArray一样，只是retain

NSMutableArray

NSSet

create

+ (instancetype)set;
+ (instancetype)setWithArray:(NSArray<objecttype> *)array;
+ (instancetype)setWithObject:(ObjectType)object;
+ (instancetype)setWithObjects:(ObjectType)firstObj, ... NS_REQUIRES_NIL_TERMINATION;
+ (instancetype)setWithObjects:(const ObjectType [])objects count:(NSUInteger)cnt;
+ (instancetype)setWithSet:(NSSet<objecttype> *)set;

注意：

• setWithObject和setWithObjects传入的必须是non-nil对象，setWithObjects必须以nil结束，nil并不会被放入数组，只是起哨兵作用(可变参数结束标志)

init

- (instancetype)init NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
- (instancetype)initWithArray:(NSArray<ObjectType> *)array;
- (instancetype)initWithObjects:(ObjectType)firstObj, ... NS_REQUIRES_NIL_TERMINATION;
- (instancetype)initWithObjects:(const ObjectType [])objects count:(NSUInteger)cnt NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
- (instancetype)initWithSet:(NSSet<objecttype> *)set;
- (instancetype)initWithSet:(NSSet<objecttype> *)set copyItems:(BOOL)flag;

注意：

• init基本上有对应的create版本，功能类似，create直接返回set实例对象，init需要先调用alloc(allocWithZone)生成实例对象，然后init
• initWithSet:copyItems，当flag=YES时，取set元素copy，此时set元素必须遵守NSCopying协议，当flag=NO时，跟initWithSet一样，只是retain

NSMutableSet

NSCountedSet

NSDictionary

create

+ (instancetype)dictionary;
+ (nullable NSDictionary<keytype, objecttype> *)dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:(NSString *)path;
+ (nullable NSDictionary<keytype, objecttype> *)dictionaryWithContentsOfURL:(NSURL *)url;
+ (instancetype)dictionaryWithDictionary:(NSDictionary<keytype, objecttype> *)dict;
+ (instancetype)dictionaryWithObject:(ObjectType)object forKey:(KeyType <nscopying>)key;
+ (instancetype)dictionaryWithObjects:(NSArray<objecttype> *)objects forKeys:(NSArray<KeyType <nscopying>> *)keys;
#if TARGET_OS_WIN32
+ (instancetype)dictionaryWithObjects:(const ObjectType [])objects forKeys:(const KeyType [])keys count:(NSUInteger)cnt;
#else
+ (instancetype)dictionaryWithObjects:(const ObjectType [])objects forKeys:(const KeyType <nscopying> [])keys count:(NSUInteger)cnt;
#endif
+ (instancetype)dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:(id)firstObject, ... NS_REQUIRES_NIL_TERMINATION NS_SWIFT_UNAVAILABLE("Use dictionary literals instead");

注意：

• dictionaryWithContentsOfFile和dictionaryWithContentsOfURL对应的内容包含的只能是属性列表对象(根对象是dictionary)，解析出来的放入dictionary的都是immutable对象
• dictionary的key和object都必须是nil对象，放入dictionary的key对象都是copy，因此key对象必须遵守NSCopying协议，dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys必须以nil结束，nil并不会被放入数组，只是起哨兵作用(可变参数结束标志)
• keys和objects数量必须一致，否则exception

init

- (instancetype)init NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
- (nullable NSDictionary<keytype, objecttype> *)initWithContentsOfFile:(NSString *)path;
- (nullable NSDictionary<keytype, objecttype> *)initWithContentsOfURL:(NSURL *)url;
- (instancetype)initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary<keytype, objecttype> *)otherDictionary;
- (instancetype)initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary<keytype, objecttype> *)otherDictionary copyItems:(BOOL)flag;
- (instancetype)initWithObjects:(NSArray<objecttype> *)objects forKeys:(NSArray<KeyType <nscopying>> *)keys;
#if TARGET_OS_WIN32
- (instancetype)initWithObjects:(const ObjectType [])objects forKeys:(const KeyType [])keys count:(NSUInteger)cnt;
#else
- (instancetype)initWithObjects:(const ObjectType [])objects forKeys:(const KeyType <nscopying> [])keys count:(NSUInteger)cnt NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
#endif
- (instancetype)initWithObjectsAndKeys:(id)firstObject, ... NS_REQUIRES_NIL_TERMINATION;

注意：

• init基本上有对应的create版本，功能类似，create直接返回dictionary实例对象，init需要先调用alloc(allocWithZone)生成实例对象，然后init
• initWithDictionary:copyItems，当flag=YES时，取object的copy，此时object必须遵守NSCopying协议，当flag=NO时，跟initWithDictionary一样，只是retain

NSMutableDictionary