cpp——类——内存布局

空类

class CAnimal
{
};

void memory_layout()
{
    CAnimal animal;
    cout << "sizeof(animal) = " << sizeof(animal) << endl;
}

output：

sizeof(animal) = 1

总结：

• 空对象本不占用任何内存空间，其字长应为0，但对象有相应地址又必须占用内存空间，因此编译器分配了最小的内存长度1，而该内存空间中1字节的数据无意义，仅仅表示对象地址

简单类

class CAnimal
{
public:
    int mGroup;
    int mColor;
};

void memory_layout()
{
    CAnimal animal;
    cout << "sizeof(animal) = " << sizeof(animal) << endl;
    cout << "mGroup Offset = " << (char*)&animal.mGroup - (char*)&animal << endl;
    cout << "mColor Offset = " << (char*)&animal.mColor - (char*)&animal << endl;
}

output：

sizeof(animal) = 8
mGroup Offset = 0
mColor Offset = 4

总结：

• 内存布局按照数据成员定义顺序
• 内存布局遵守内存对齐规则

含虚函数类

class CAnimal
{
public:
    virtual void feed()
    {
    }
    
public:
    int mGroup;
    int mColor;
};

void memory_layout()
{
    CAnimal animal;
    cout << "sizeof(animal) = " << sizeof(animal) << endl;
    cout << "mGroup Offset = " << (char*)&animal.mGroup - (char*)&animal << endl;
    cout << "mColor Offset = " << (char*)&animal.mColor - (char*)&animal << endl;
}

output：

sizeof(animal) = 16
mGroup Offset = 8
mColor Offset = 12