Given a string containing just the characters '('
and ')'
, find the length of the longest valid (well-formed) parentheses substring.
For "(()"
, the longest valid parentheses substring is "()"
, which has length = 2.
Another example is ")()())"
, where the longest valid parentheses substring is "()()"
, which has length = 4.
Subscribe to see which companies asked this question
class Solution {
public:
int longestValidParentheses(string s) {
/*
stack<int> stk;
stk.push(-1);
int maxL=0;
for(int i=0;i<s.size();i++)
{
int t=stk.top();
if(t!=-1&&s[i]==')'&&s[t]=='(')
{
stk.pop();
maxL=max(maxL,i-stk.top());
}
else
stk.push(i);
}
return maxL;
*/
stack<int> auxStack;
int startIdx = -1;
int curLen = 0;
int maxLen = 0;
for (int i=0; i<s.size(); i++)
{
if (s[i] == '(')
{
auxStack.push(i);
}
else
{
if (auxStack.size() > 0)
{
auxStack.pop();
if (auxStack.size() == 0)
{
curLen = i-startIdx;
}
else
{
curLen = i-auxStack.top();
}
maxLen = max(curLen, maxLen);
}
else
{
startIdx = i;
}
}
}
return maxLen;
}
};
参照网址:
https://leetcode.com/discuss/8092/my-dp-o-n-solution-without-using-stack
My solution uses DP. The main idea is as follows: I construct a array longest[], for any longest[i], it stores the longest length of valid parentheses which is end at i.
And the DP idea is :
If s[i] is '(', set longest[i] to 0,because any string end with '(' cannot be a valid one.
Else if s[i] is ')'
If s[i-1] is '(', longest[i] = longest[i-2] + 2
Else if s[i-1] is ')' and s[i-longest[i-1]-1] == '(', longest[i] = longest[i-1] + 2 + longest[i-longest[i-1]-2]
For example, input "()(())", at i = 5, longest array is [0,2,0,0,2,0], longest[5] = longest[4] + 2 + longest[1] = 6.
int longestValidParentheses(string s) {
if(s.length() <= 1) return 0;
int curMax = 0;
vector<int> longest(s.size(),0);
for(int i=1; i < s.length(); i++){
if(s[i] == ')'){
if(s[i-1] == '('){
longest[i] = (i-2) >= 0 ? (longest[i-2] + 2) : 2;
curMax = max(longest[i],curMax);
}
else{ // if s[i-1] == ')', combine the previous length.
if(i-longest[i-1]-1 >= 0 && s[i-longest[i-1]-1] == '('){
longest[i] = longest[i-1] + 2 + ((i-longest[i-1]-2 >= 0)?longest[i-longest[i-1]-2]:0);
curMax = max(longest[i],curMax);
}
}
}
//else if s[i] == '(', skip it, because longest[i] must be 0
}
return curMax;
}
Updated: thanks to Philip0116, I have a more concise solution(though this is not as readable as the above one, but concise):
int longestValidParentheses(string s) {
if(s.length() <= 1) return 0;
int curMax = 0;
vector<int> longest(s.size(),0);
for(int i=1; i < s.length(); i++){
if(s[i] == ')' && i-longest[i-1]-1 >= 0 && s[i-longest[i-1]-1] == '('){
longest[i] = longest[i-1] + 2 + ((i-longest[i-1]-2 >= 0)?longest[i-longest[i-1]-2]:0);
curMax = max(longest[i],curMax);
}
}
return curMax;
}