Matplotlib语法笔记
1.matplotlib包的两种导入方式
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
2.解决中文无法显示问题
from pylab import mpl
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['Microsoft YaHei']
mpl.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
3.绘制一个最基础的曲线图
x = range(2,26,2)
y = [15,13,14.5,17,20,25,26,26,24,22,18,15]
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.show()
4.图形的保存
plt.savefig("./sig_size.png")
5.设置x轴与y轴的刻度
xtick_lables1 = [i/2 for i in range(4,49)]
xtick_lables2 = ["{}min".format(i) for i in xtick_lables1]
plt.xticks(xtick_lables1,xtick_lables2,rotation = 90)
ytick_lables = [range(min(y),max(y)+1)]
6.设置图片大小与清晰度
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
7.添加网格
plt.grid(alpha = 0.4)
8.添加坐标轴描述信息
plt.xlabel("时间")
plt.ylabel("温度")
plt.title("温度时间变化图")
9.在一张图上绘制两个图形
plt.plot(x,y,label = "A类")
y_1 = [12,14,14.5,16,21,23,24,26,22,26,10,25]
plt.plot(x,y_1,label = "B类")
plt.legend()
10.绘制基础散点图
x = range(2,26,2)
y = [15,13,14.5,17,20,25,26,26,24,22,18,15]
plt.scatter(x,y)
plt.show()
11.绘制基础柱状图
x = ["电影A", "电影B", "电影C", "电影D"]
y = [56.1, 40.4, 37.8, 29.9]
plt.bar(range(len(x)),y,width=0.3)
plt.xticks(range(len(x)),x)
plt.show()
12.绘制横向柱状图
x = ["电影A", "电影B", "电影C", "电影D"]
y = [56.1, 40.4, 37.8, 29.9]
plt.barh(range(len(x)), y, height=0.3)
plt.yticks(range(len(x)), x)
plt.show()
13.绘制简易直方图
y = [12, 13, 14, 12, 13, 15, 22, 34, 42, 55, 24, 32, 54, 65, 56, 35, 54, 56, 23, 78, 27, 48, 76, 54, 19, 94, 80, 78, 67,
87, 65, 34]
bin_width = 10
plt.hist(y,bin_width)
plt.grid()
plt.show()