【图像检测】基于Combined Separability Filter实现鼻孔和瞳孔等圆检测matlab源码

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圆形特征检测分离滤波器面部识别图像处理局部峰值检测

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1 内容介绍

In this paper, we propose a fast combined separabil-ity filter, which can selectively detect circular features such as pupils and nostrils in an image of the human face. The proposed filter is designed as a combination of multiple rectangle separability filters so that it can achieve high-speed processing and high positioning ac-curacy at the same time. The evaluation experiments using synthetic images and real face images show that the proposed filter is 70 times faster than the conven-tional circular separability filter.

2 仿真代码

function MAP = cvtCombSimpRectFilter(I,P,sh) % Function to generate separability map for rectangular filters (vertical and horizontal) % Input: I: integral image, obtained by using cvtIntegralImage45(X); % P: integral image of the square pixel values, obtained by using cvtIntegralImage45(X.^2); % sh: size of the filter % Output: MAP: two separability maps (diagonal left and diagonal right), with size: [Height, Width, 2]. % % If you use this code, we would appreciate if you cite the following paper(s): % % [1] Y. Ohkawa, C. H. Suryanto, K. Fukui, % "Fast Combined Separability Filter for Detecting Circular Objects", % The twelfth IAPR conference on Machine Vision Applications (MVA) pp.99-103, 2011. % % [2] K. Fukui, O. Yamaguchi, % "Facial feature point extraction method based on combination of shape extraction % and pattern matching", Systems and Computers in Japan 29 (6), pp.49-58, 1998. % % This code is written by Yasuhiro Ohkawa and distributed under BSD License. % Computer Vision Laboratory (CVLAB) % Graduate school of Systems and Information Engineering % University of Tsukuba % 2016 % % Email: tsukuba.cvlab@gmail.com % HP: http://www.cvlab.cs.tsukuba.ac.jp/ %

bh = sh*2; bw = ceil(sh/3); sw = ceil(sh/3); dh =0; dw =0;

MAP(:,:,1) = tmpFnc(I,P,bh,bw,sh,sw,dh,dw); MAP(:,:,2) = tmpFnc(I,P,bw,bh,sw,sh,dh,dw);

end

%% function MAP = tmpFnc(I,P,bh,bw,sh,sw,dh,dw) MAP = zeros(size(I)-1); [H,W] = size(MAP); r = max([bh,bw]); N = (2*bh+1)*(2*bw+1); N1 = (2*sh+1)*(2*sw+1); N2 = N-N1;

S =I((1+r:H-r)-bh,(1+r:W-r)-bw) + I((1+r:H-r)+bh+1,(1+r:W-r)+bw+1) - I((1+r:H-r)-bh,(1+r:W-r)+bw+1) -I((1+r:H-r)+bh+1,(1+r:W-r)-bw); T =P((1+r:H-r)-bh,(1+r:W-r)-bw) + P((1+r:H-r)+bh+1,(1+r:W-r)+bw+1) - P((1+r:H-r)-bh,(1+r:W-r)+bw+1) -P((1+r:H-r)+bh+1,(1+r:W-r)-bw);

M = S./N; Y = T./N; St = Y - M.^2; S1 =I((1+r:H-r)-sh+dh,(1+r:W-r)-sw+dw) + I((1+r:H-r)+sh+dh+1,(1+r:W-r)+sw+dw+1) - I((1+r:H-r)-sh+dh,(1+r:W-r)+sw+dw+1) - I((1+r:H-r)+sh+dh+1,(1+r:W-r)-sw+dw); S2=S-S1; M1=S1./N1; M2=S2./N2;

Sb = ((N1*((M1-M).^2)) + (N2*((M2-M).^2)))/N; MAP((1+r:H-r),(1+r:W-r)) = (Sb./St).*sign(M2-M1); MAP(isnan(MAP))=0; MAP(isinf(MAP))=0; end

% Sample 1: % This sample code is to demonstrate how to use the combined separability filter code % for detecting pupils and nostrils in a very simple way. % % In practical situation, it is advisable to use multiple filter sizes and prepare a % dictionary data of pupils/nostrils/others for comparing the region on each local peak. % % If you use this code, we would appreciate if you cite the following paper(s): % % [1] Y. Ohkawa, C. H. Suryanto, K. Fukui, % "Fast Combined Separability Filter for Detecting Circular Objects", % The twelfth IAPR conference on Machine Vision Applications (MVA) pp.99-103, 2011. % % [2] K. Fukui, O. Yamaguchi, % "Facial feature point extraction method based on combination of shape extraction % and pattern matching", Systems and Computers in Japan 29 (6), pp.49-58, 1998.

clear;

X = imread('testimages/sample1.png'); % sample1.png is a gray-scale CG generated face image

[H, W] = size(X); S1 = cat(3,X,X,X); % used for displaying final result (Geometric mean) S2 = cat(3,X,X,X); % used for displaying final result (Arithmetic mean) X = double(X); % convert data type to double I1 = cvtIntegralImage(X); % calculate integral image P1 = cvtIntegralImage(X.^2); % calculate integral image of squared pixel value I2 = cvtIntegralImage45(X); % calculate 45 degrees integral image P2 = cvtIntegralImage45(X.^2); % calculate 45 degrees integral image of squared pixel value

nR = 3; % filter size parameter nTH = 0.55; % threshold for finding local peaks

P = zeros(H,W,4); % variable to store separability map P(:,:,1:2) = cvtCombSimpRectFilter(I1,P1,nR); % apply vertical and horizontal rectangular filters P(:,:,3:4) = cvtCombSimpRectFilter45(I2,P2,nR); % apply diagonal left and right filters P(P<0) = 0; finalMap1 = prod(P(:,:,:),3).^(1/4.0); finalMap2 = mean(P(:,:,:),3);

figure(10);clf;

for i=1:6 subplot(2,4,i); if (i < 5) imagesc(P(:,:,i)); axis equal tight; title(['separability map #' num2str(i)]); elseif (i==5) imagesc(finalMap1); axis equal tight; title('Geometric mean'); elseif (i==6) imagesc(finalMap2); axis equal tight; title('Arithmetic mean'); end end

% find local peaks (Geometric mean) PL1 = cvtFindLocalPeakX(finalMap1,1,nTH); % draw circle and cross at each local peak with radius of the filter (nR) for H=1:size(PL1,2) S1 = cvtDrawCircle(S1, PL1(2,H),PL1(1,H),nR,[255,0,0],20); S1 = cvtDrawCross(S1,PL1(2,H),PL1(1,H),nR,[255,255,255]); end subplot(2,4,7); image(S1); % display original title({['Local peaks > ' num2str(nTH)]; 'Geometric mean'}); axis equal tight;

% find local peaks (Arithmetic mean) PL2 = cvtFindLocalPeakX(finalMap2,1,nTH); % draw circle and cross at each local peak with radius of the filter (nR) for H=1:size(PL2,2) S2 = cvtDrawCircle(S2, PL2(2,H),PL2(1,H),nR,[255,0,0],20); S2 = cvtDrawCross(S2,PL2(2,H),PL2(1,H),nR,[255,255,255]); end subplot(2,4,8); image(S2); % display original with marks for the local peak axis equal tight; title({['Local peaks > ' num2str(nTH)]; 'Arithmetic mean'});

% Sample 3:
% This sample code is to demonstrate how to use the combined separability filter code
% to detect micro features on facial surface by using multi-scale filters.
%
% If you use this code, we would appreciate if you cite the following paper(s):
%
% [1] Y. Ohkawa, C. H. Suryanto, K. Fukui,
% "Fast Combined Separability Filter for Detecting Circular Objects",
% The twelfth IAPR conference on Machine Vision Applications (MVA) pp.99-103, 2011.
%
% [2] K. Fukui, O. Yamaguchi,
% "Facial feature point extraction method based on combination of shape extraction
% and pattern matching", Systems and Computers in Japan 29 (6), pp.49-58, 1998.
%
% This code is distributed under BSD License.
% Computer Vision Laboratory (CVLAB)
% Graduate school of Systems and Information Engineering
% University of Tsukuba
% 2016
%
% Email: tsukuba.cvlab@gmail.com
% HP: http://www.cvlab.cs.tsukuba.ac.jp/
%

clear;

%Read Image
Im = imread('testimages/cheek.jpg');
gr = double(rgb2gray(Im));
figure(30);clf;
image(Im);
axis equal tight;
title('Original parts of face');

%Create Integral Image
tic
I1 = cvtIntegralImage(gr);
P1 = cvtIntegralImage(gr.^2);
I2 = cvtIntegralImage45(gr);
P2 = cvtIntegralImage45(gr.^2);

%Create Separability Map
geoMap = zeros(size(gr,1),size(gr,2));
arithMap = zeros(size(gr,1),size(gr,2));
for nR = 8:2:12, %multiple scales of separability filter's size (radius)
P(:,:,1:2) = cvtCombSimpRectFilter(I1,P1,nR);
P(:,:,3:4) = cvtCombSimpRectFilter45(I2,P2,nR);
P(P<=0)=0;
geoMap_tmp= (prod(P,3)).^(1/4);
arithMap_tmp = sum(P,3)/4;
geoMap = max(geoMap, geoMap_tmp);
arithMap = max(arithMap, arithMap_tmp);
end
timerequired=toc;
fprintf('Time required: %g seconds\n',timerequired);

figure(31);clf;
subplot(2,2,1);
imagesc(geoMap);
axis equal tight;
title('Separability map (geometric mean)');

subplot(2,2,2);
imagesc(arithMap);
axis equal tight;
title('Separability map (arithmetic mean)');

subplot(2,2,3);
image(imfuse(gr,geoMap));
axis equal tight;
title('Fused image (geometric mean)');

subplot(2,2,4);
image(imfuse(gr,arithMap));
axis equal tight;
title('Fused image (arithmetic mean)');

nTH = 0.45; % threshold for local peaks

% Find and draw local peak's marks for geoMap (geometric mean)
S1 = imfuse(gr,geoMap);
PL1 = cvtFindLocalPeakX(geoMap,1,nTH);
for H=1:size(PL1,2)
% draw cross at each local peak (cross size is relative to the peak value)
S1 = cvtDrawCross(S1, PL1(2,H),PL1(1,H),round(8*PL1(3,H)),[255,255,255]);
end
figure(32);clf;
image(S1);
title(['Fused image with local peaks (Geometric mean) > ' num2str(nTH)], 'fontweight','bold');
axis equal tight;

% Find and draw local peak's marks for arithMap (arithmetic mean)
S2 = imfuse(gr,arithMap);
PL2 = cvtFindLocalPeakX(arithMap,1,nTH);
for H=1:size(PL2,2)
% draw cross at each local peak (cross size is relative to the peak value)
S2 = cvtDrawCross(S2, PL2(2,H),PL2(1,H),round(8*PL2(3,H)),[255,255,255]);
end
figure(33);clf;
image(S2);
axis equal tight;
title(['Fused image with local peaks (Arithmetic mean) > ' num2str(nTH)], 'fontweight','bold');

3 运行结果

4 参考文献

[1] Qiu C , Kotani K , Lee F , et al. An Accurate Eye Detection Method Using Elliptical Separability Filter and Combined Features[J]. Int.j.comput. netw.secur, 2009, 9(8):65-72.

[2] Y. Ohkawa, C. H. Suryanto, K. Fukui, "Fast Combined Separability Filter for Detecting Circular Objects",

The twelfth IAPR conference on Machine Vision Applications (MVA) pp.99-103, 2011.

[3] K. Fukui, O. Yamaguchi, "Facial feature point extraction method based on combination of shape extraction and pattern matching", Systems and Computers in Japan 29 (6), pp.49-58, 1998.