vscode 配置msvc编译调试环境

1.配置好msvc环境变量

• 参考MSVC编译链接选项,配置环境变量
• 在当前环境变量下启动vscode

code.exe "项目所在目录"

2.安装C/C++ extension for VS Code插件

3.配置编译选项

在主菜单选择Terminal > Configure Default Build Task > C/C++:cl.exe build active file

vscode将会自动在.vscode目录下创建tasks.json,打开该文件

{
  "version": "2.0.0",
  "tasks": [
    {
      "type": "shell",
      "label": "cl.exe build active file",
      "command": "cl.exe",
      "args": [
        "/Zi",
        "/EHsc",
        "/Fe:",
        "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
        "${file}"
      ],
      "problemMatcher": ["$msCompile"],
      "group": {
        "kind": "build",
        "isDefault": true
      }
    }
  ]
}

args为编译参数/选项，可以根据自己的需要修改，
${fileDirname}为vscode定义的变量，参考variables reference

切换到c/c++文件，选择Terminal > Tasks: Run Task … > cl.exe build active file
编译当前文件

debug

选择Run > Add Configuration… >C++ (Windows) > cl.exe build and debug active file
vscode将自动在.vscode目录生成launch.json，打开

{
  "version": "0.2.0",
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "cl.exe build and debug active file",
      "type": "cppvsdbg",
      "request": "launch",
      "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
      "args": [],
      "stopAtEntry": false,
      "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
      "environment": [],
      "externalConsole": false,
      "preLaunchTask": "cl.exe build active file"
    }
  ]
}

设置合适的参数
program 为需要debug的程序，需要再编译前运行构建任务，设置preLaunchTask设置为构建任务的label字段值

详细配置参考官方文档Configure VS Code for Microsoft C++