SharedPreferes

 

SharedPreferes

SharedPreferences是Android平台上一个轻量级的存储类，主要是保存一些常用的配置比如窗口状态，一般在Activity中 重载窗口状态onSaveInstanceState保存一般使用SharedPreferences完成，它提供了Android平台常规的Long长 整形、Int整形、String字符串型的保存。

1、        实现保存

private void findViews() {        nameEt = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.nameEt);        ageEt = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.ageEt);        saveBtn = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.saveBtn);          saveBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {              public void onClick(View v) {                   String name = nameEt.getText().toString().trim();               int age = Integer.valueOf(ageEt.getText().toString().trim());                             SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = SharedpreferencesTestActivity.this .getSharedPreferences("myOption", MODE_PRIVATE);               Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();               editor.putString("name"  ,name);               editor.putInt("age", age);                             editor.commit();            }        }); }

2、        添加读取功能

 

资源添加

<string name="read_text">读取</string>

public void onClick(View v) {

    SharedPreferences sp = getSharedPreferences("myOption",

MODE_PRIVATE);

    String name="无名氏";

    int age = -1;

   

    switch (v.getId()) {

    case R.id.saveBtn:

       name = nameEt.getText().toString().trim();

       age = Integer.valueOf(ageEt.getText().toString().trim());

 

       Editor editor = sp.edit();

       editor.putString("name", name);

       editor.putInt("age", age);

 

       editor.commit();        

       break;

    case R.id.readBtn:

       name = sp.getString("name", "无名氏");

       age = sp.getInt("age", -1);

       Toast.makeText(this,

"姓名: "+name+ " 年龄: " +String.valueOf(age),

Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

       break;

    }

}

3、        读取其它应用程序的SharedPreferences

首先保证创建SharedPreferences的工程中使用的是：

Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE+ Context.MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE

其次，当前工程中读取的代码为：

try {     Context otherContext = this.createPackageContext("cn.class3g.activity", Context.CONTEXT_IGNORE_SECURITY);     SharedPreferences sp = otherContext.getSharedPreferences("myOption", MODE_PRIVATE);       String res = "姓名："+ sp.getString("name", null).toString() + " 年龄："+ String.valueOf(sp.getInt("age", -1));     Toast.makeText(this, res, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();            } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {     e.printStackTrace(); }

SQLite

SQLite 是一个开源的嵌入式关系数据库

使用SQLiteOpenHelper抽象类建立数据库

为了实现对数据库版本进行管理， SQLiteOpenHelper 类提供了两个重要的方法 ， 分别onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) 和 onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion)用于初次使用软件时生成数据库表，后者用于升级软件时更新数据库表结构。

 

public SQLiteOpenHelper (Context context,   String name,

SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory,  int version)

Context ：代表应用的上下文。

Name ： 代表数据库的名称。

Factory: 代表记录集游标工厂 ， 是专门用来生成记录集游标， 记录集游标是对查询结果进行迭代的，后面我们会继续介绍。

Version ：代表数据库的版本，如果以后升级软件的时候，需要更改 Version 版本号，那么onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) 方法会被调用，在这个方法中比较适合实现软件更新时修改数据库表结构的工作。

实验步骤

1、建立数据库类DatabaseHelper

public class DatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {     static String dbName = "myAndroid_db.db";     static int version=1;       public DatabaseHelper(Context context) {        super(context, dbName, null, version);        }     //第一次使用的时候会被调用，用来建库     public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {     String sql = "create table person11(personid integer primary key autoincrement, name varchar(20),age integer)";        db.execSQL(sql);     }       public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {        String sql = "drop table if exists person";        onCreate(db);     } }

2、编写测试类进行测试

public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) { //  String sql = "drop table if exists person"; //  Log.i("TAG","我被删除了"); //  onCreate(db);            String sql = "alter table person add phone char(20) null";     db.execSQL(sql); }

CRUD

实验步骤

建立PersonService业务类

package cn.class3g.service; … public class PersonService {       private DatabaseHelper dbHelper;     private Context context;       public PersonService(Context context) {        this.context = context;        dbHelper = new DatabaseHelper(context);     }       public void save(Person person) {        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();        // String sql = "insert into person(name,age) values('Tom',21)";        // db.execSQL(sql);          // 防止用户输入数据错误，如:name="T'om"        String sql = "insert into person(name,age) values(?,?)";        db.execSQL(sql, new Object[] { person.getName(), person.getAge() });     }       public void update(Person person, int id) {        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();        String sql = "update person set name=?,age=? where personid=?";        db.execSQL(sql, new Object[] { person.getName(), person.getAge(), id });     }       public Person find(int id) {        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();        String sql = "select * from person where personid=?";        Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(sql, new String[] { String.valueOf(id) });          if (cursor.moveToNext()) {            Person person = new Person();            person.setName(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name")));            person.setId(cursor.getInt(0));            person.setAge(cursor.getInt(2));              cursor.close(); // 关闭游标            return person;        }        return null;     }       public void delete(int id) {        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();        String sql = "delete from person where personid=?";        db.execSQL(sql, new Object[] { id });     }       public List<Person> getScrollData(int startIdx, int count) {          SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();        String sql = "select * from person limit ?,?";        Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(sql,                      new String[] { String.valueOf(startIdx),                                    String.valueOf(count) });          List<Person> list = new ArrayList<Person>();               while(cursor.moveToNext()){            Person p = new Person();            p.setId(cursor.getInt(0));            p.setName(cursor.getString(1));            p.setAge(cursor.getInt(2));                       list.add(p);        }             cursor.close();        return list;     }     public long getRecordsCount() {        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();        String sql = "select count(*) from person";        Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery(sql, null);        cursor.moveToFirst();        long count = cursor.getInt(0);        cursor.close();        return count;     } }

在测试类cn.class3g.db. PersonServiceTest中添加对应测试方法

package cn.class3g.db; … public class PersonServiceTest extends AndroidTestCase {         public void testSave() throws Throwable{        PersonService service = new PersonService(this.getContext());               Person person = new Person();        person.setName("zhangxiaoxiao");        service.save(person);               Person person2 = new Person();        person2.setName("laobi");        service.save(person2);               Person person3 = new Person();        person3.setName("lili");        service.save(person3);               Person person4 = new Person();        person4.setName("zhaoxiaogang");        service.save(person4);          }     public void testUpdate() throws Throwable{        PersonService ps  = new PersonService(this.getContext());        Person person = new Person("Ton", 122);        ps.update(person, 2);//需要实现查看数据库中Ton的id值     }     public void testFind() throws Throwable{        PersonService ps  = new PersonService(this.getContext());        Person person = ps.find(2);        Log.i("TAG",person.toString());     }       public void testDelete() throws Throwable{        PersonService ps  = new PersonService(this.getContext());        ps.delete(2);         }       public void testScroll() throws Throwable{        PersonService service = new PersonService(this.getContext());        List<Person> personList = service.getScrollData(3, 2);               Log.i("TAG",personList.toString());           }       public void testCount() throws Throwable{        PersonService service = new PersonService(this.getContext());        long count = service.getRecordsCount();        Log.i("TAG", String.valueOf(count));     } }

常见异常

android.database.sqlite.SQLiteException: Can't upgrade read-only database from version 0 to 1: 

这个错误基本上都是sql有问题导致的，仔细检查sql即可。