单例模式的两种实现方式

1.   饿汉模式：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Singleton {
public:
	static Singleton& getInst (void) {
		return s_inst;
	}
private:
	Singleton (void) {}
	Singleton (const Singleton&);
	static Singleton s_inst;
};
Singleton Singleton::s_inst;
int main (void) {
	Singleton& s1 = Singleton::getInst ();
	Singleton& s2 = Singleton::getInst ();
	Singleton& s3 = Singleton::getInst ();
	cout << &s1 << ' ' << &s2 << ' ' << &s3 << endl;
	return 0;
}

2 . 懒汉模式

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Singleton {
public:
	static Singleton& getInst (void) {
		if (! m_inst)
			m_inst = new Singleton;
		++m_cn;
		return *m_inst;
	}
	void releaseInst (void) {
		if (m_cn && --m_cn == 0)
			delete this;
	}
private:
	Singleton (void) {
		cout << "构造：" << this << endl;
	}
	Singleton (const Singleton&);
	~Singleton (void) {
		cout << "析构：" << this << endl;
		m_inst = NULL;
	}
	static Singleton* m_inst;
	static unsigned int m_cn;
};
Singleton* Singleton::m_inst = NULL;
unsigned int Singleton::m_cn = 0;
int main (void) {
	Singleton& s1 = Singleton::getInst ();
	Singleton& s2 = Singleton::getInst ();
	Singleton& s3 = Singleton::getInst ();
	cout << &s1 << ' ' << &s2 << ' ' << &s3 << endl;
	s3.releaseInst ();
	s2.releaseInst ();
	s1.releaseInst ();
	return 0;
}

两种模式的区别：懒汉模式中只有一个静态变量，调一次通过getInst函数返回一次，大家都用的这一个变量。懒汉模式里边维护了一个静态指针变量和一个静态变量做计数器，每次调的时候会先判断有没有构造，如果构造过m_inst就是非空的，计数器直接++就好，调用析构的话就是判断计数器，没人用的时候释放这块内存。