计算机的组成:
主板、CPU、内存、硬盘
输入设备:键盘、鼠标
输出设备:显示器、音响
主板上的芯片组与各个硬件进行沟通。北桥将CPU、VGA、RAM连接,所需要的传输运算速度较高。称为系统总线。通常在CPU和北桥上面有个风扇或者散热装置。 北桥与南桥相连,南桥相对于北桥而言,所需要的传输速度没有那么高。南桥连接着PCI设备(比如网卡、声卡、USB设备)、硬盘设备。也称为I/O总线。
查看服务器品牌
[root@centos7 ~]# dmidecode |more
Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes
System Information
Manufacturer: VMware, Inc.【生产商为VMware】
Product Name: VMware Virtual Platform
Version: None
Serial Number: VMware-56 4d da 2d 8a a4 43 f5-a4 64 59 18 f4 32 63 b7 【服务器序列号】
UUID: 564dda2d-8aa4-43f5-a464-5918f43263b7
Wake-up Type: Power Switch
SKU Number: Not Specified
Family: Not Specified
查看主板信息
[root@centos7 ~]# dmidecode -t baseboard
# dmidecode 3.2
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.4 present.
Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes
Base Board Information
Manufacturer: Intel Corporation
Product Name: 440BX Desktop Reference Platform
Version: None
Serial Number: None
Asset Tag: Not Specified
Features: None
Location In Chassis: Not Specified
Chassis Handle: 0x0000
Type: Unknown
Contained Object Handles: 0
Handle 0x00DF, DMI type 10, 8 bytes
On Board Device 1 Information
Type: Video
Status: Disabled
Description: VMware SVGA II
On Board Device 2 Information
Type: Sound
Status: Disabled
Description: ES1371
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# dmidecode|more
Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes
BIOS Information
Vendor: Phoenix Technologies LTD【技嘉凤凰主板】
Version: 6.00
Release Date: 07/31/2013
Address: 0xEA050
Runtime Size: 90032 bytes
ROM Size: 64 kB 【只读内存的大小】
Characteristics:【主板特性】
ISA is supported
PCI is supported
PC Card (PCMCIA) is supported
PNP is supported
APM is supported
BIOS is upgradeable
BIOS shadowing is allowed
ESCD support is available
Boot from CD is supported
Selectable boot is supported
EDD is supported
Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)
Serial services are supported (int 14h)
Printer services are supported (int 17h)
CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h)
ACPI is supported
Smart battery is supported
BIOS boot specification is supported
Function key-initiated network boot is supported
Targeted content distribution is supported
BIOS Revision: 4.6
Firmware Revision: 0.0
查看cpu信息
[root@centos7 ~]# lscpu
Architecture: x86_64 【CPU架构】
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian 【字节序】
CPU(s): 1 【cpu数量】
On-line CPU(s) list: 0
Thread(s) per core: 1
Core(s) per socket: 1 【每颗物理cpu有几个核心】
Socket(s): 1【物理cpu的数量】
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel 【CPU生产厂商】
CPU family: 6
Model: 58
Model name: Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 1005M @ 1.90GHz
Stepping: 9
CPU MHz: 1895.750 【CPU总频率】
BogoMIPS: 3791.50
Hypervisor vendor: VMware
Virtualization type: full
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 256K 【cpu的2级缓存】
L3 cache: 2048K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt xsave hypervisor lahf_lm epb fsgsbase smep xsaveopt dtherm arat pln pts
[root@centos7 ~]#
[root@centos7 ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 58
model name : Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 1005M @ 1.90GHz
stepping : 9
microcode : 0x15
cpu MHz : 1895.750
cache size : 2048 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 1
core id : 0
cpu cores : 1
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq ssse3 cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic popcnt xsave hypervisor lahf_lm epb fsgsbase smep xsaveopt dtherm arat pln pts
bogomips : 3791.50
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
[root@centos7 ~]#
查看cpu型号
[root@centos7 ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep name | cut -f2 -d: | uniq -c8
1 Intel(R) Celeron(R) CPU 1005M @ 1.90GHz
[root@centos7 ~]#
查看内存设备信息
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.4 present.
Handle 0x0044, DMI type 5, 46 bytes
Memory Controller Information
Error Detecting Method: None
Error Correcting Capabilities:
None
Supported Interleave: One-way Interleave【单路使用】
Current Interleave: One-way Interleave
Maximum Memory Module Size: 32768 MB 【单根内存条最大支持32g】
Maximum Total Memory Size: 491520 MB 【总共支持491G内存】
Supported Speeds:
70 ns
60 ns
Supported Memory Types:
FPM
EDO
DIMM
SDRAM
Memory Module Voltage: 3.3 V
Associated Memory Slots: 15 【虚拟机上支持内存插槽15条】
0x0045
0x0046
0x0047
0x0048
0x0049
0x004A
0x004B
0x004C
0x004D
0x004E
0x004F
0x0050
0x0051
0x0052
0x0053
Enabled Error Correcting Capabilities:
None
Handle 0x0045, DMI type 6, 12 bytes
Memory Module Information
Socket Designation: RAM socket #0【内存插槽1】
Bank Connections: None
Current Speed: Unknown
Type: EDO DIMM
Installed Size: 1024 MB (Single-bank Connection)【1g的内存条1根】
Enabled Size: 1024 MB (Single-bank Connection)
Error Status: OK
Handle 0x0046, DMI type 6, 12 bytes
Memory Module Information
Socket Designation: RAM socket #1
Bank Connections: None
Current Speed: Unknown
Type: DIMM
Installed Size: Not Installed 【内存插槽空闲】
Enabled Size: Not Installed
Error Status: OK
Handle 0x00E3, DMI type 17, 27 bytes
Memory Device
Array Handle: 0x00E2
Error Information Handle: No Error
Total Width: 32 bits
Data Width: 32 bits
Size: 1024 MB
Form Factor: DIMM
Set: None
Locator: RAM slot #0【内存插的位置】
Bank Locator: RAM slot #0
Type: DRAM
Type Detail: EDO
Speed: Unknown
Manufacturer: Not Specified 【厂商】
Serial Number: Not Specified 【序列号】
Asset Tag: Not Specified
Part Number: Not Specified
查看所有的PCI设备
[root@centos7 ~]# lspci -vmm
Slot: 00:00.0
Class: Host bridge
Vendor: Intel Corporation
Device: 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX Host bridge
SVendor: VMware
SDevice: Virtual Machine Chipset
Rev: 01
Slot: 00:01.0
Class: PCI bridge
Vendor: Intel Corporation
Device: 440BX/ZX/DX - 82443BX/ZX/DX AGP bridge
Rev: 01
解释:PCI是外围互联设备的简称。