ndarray如何存储数据

进一步说明, 我们来看一下 ndarray 源代码:

/*                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
 * The main array object structure.                                                                                                                                                                                                           
 */
/* This struct will be moved to a private header in a future release */
typedef struct tagPyArrayObject_fields {
    PyObject_HEAD
    /* Pointer to the raw data buffer */
    char *data;
    /* The number of dimensions, also called 'ndim' */
    int nd;
    /* The size in each dimension, also called 'shape' */
    npy_intp *dimensions;
    /*                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
     * Number of bytes to jump to get to the                                                                                                                                                                                                  
     * next element in each dimension                                                                                                                                                                                                         
     */
    npy_intp *strides;

    PyObject *base;
    /* Pointer to type structure */
    PyArray_Descr *descr;
    /* Flags describing array -- see below */
    int flags;
    /* For weak references */
    PyObject *weakreflist;
} PyArrayObject_fields;

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在上述实验中, 我们发现 10,000,000 个元素的列表 Numpy 占用的内存是 40,000,096 字节, 这是因为我们存储的元素为 int32 类型, 也就是 4 个字节, 加上Numpy 数组存储的一些指针, 维度, PyObject_HEAD, 为 96 字节.