上面写了console的乱码问题,接下来写的是web中servlet中的问题,大楷我比较关心一点,因为遇到这个的情况多一些吧。直接开始吧。
2. jsp和servlet中的乱码问题
分析:
a. 其实在java文件的编译的情况和(一)中的情况是一样的,不过这里是由WEB容器去调用JVM而已,那么我们得知道一些默认的东西
比如特别重要的:(摘要)
如果Servlet 在运行的过程中,需要接受从客户端传来的字符如:表单输入的值和URL中传入的值,此时如果程序中没有设定接受参数时采用的编码格式,则WEB 容器会默认采用ISO-8859-1 编码格式来接受传入的值并在JVM 中转化为UNICODE 格式的保存在WEB 容器的内存中。Servlet 运行后生成输出,输出的字符串是UNICODE 格式的,紧接着,容器将Servlet 运行产生的UNICODE 格式的串(如html语法,用户输出的串等)直接发送到客户端浏览器上并输出给用户,如果此时指定了发送时输出的编码格式,则按指定的编码格式输出到浏览器上,如果没有指定,则默认按ISO-8859-1 编码发送到客户的浏览器上。
注意是ISO-8859-1就行了,tomcat 5.0之前采用是由用户设置的编码方式解析,tomcat 5.0过后有个参数(useBodyEncodingForURI)被默认了false,就使用了ISO-8859-1解析了,这儿是配置中的关键。
测试代码如下:
Servlet类(注释说明)
03 | import java.io.IOException; |
04 | import java.io.PrintWriter; |
06 | import javax.servlet.ServletException; |
07 | import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; |
08 | import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; |
09 | import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; |
11 | public class Hello extends HttpServlet { |
13 | private static final long serialVersionUID = 4878915372815719687L; |
19 | public void destroy() { |
23 | public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) |
24 | throws ServletException, IOException { |
26 | request.setCharacterEncoding( "GBK" ); |
28 | response.setContentType( "text/html; charset=GBK" ); |
30 | PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); |
32 | out.write( "Hello, 中文!" ); |
36 | public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) |
37 | throws ServletException, IOException { |
39 | request.setCharacterEncoding( "GBK" ); |
41 | response.setContentType( "text/html; charset=GBK" ); |
44 | String input_str = request.getParameter( "input_str" ); |
45 | String url_arg = request.getParameter( "url_arg" ); |
48 | input_str = ( null == input_str) ? "" : input_str; |
49 | url_arg = ( null == url_arg) ? "" : url_arg; |
51 | PrintWriter out = response.getWriter(); |
53 | out.println( "您输入的字符串是:" + input_str); |
56 | out.println( "您的表单传递的URL参数是:" + url_arg); |
60 | public void init() throws ServletException { |
index.jsp代码:
01 | <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="GBK"%> |
02 | <%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=GBK"%> |
04 | String path = request.getContextPath(); |
05 | String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/"; |
08 | <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> |
11 | < base href="<%=basePath%>"> |
14 | < script type = "text/javascript" > |
16 | var base = document.base; |
17 | base.action = "./Hello?url_arg=中文"; |
26 | < form name = "base" method = "post" target = "_self" > |
27 | < input name = "input_str" type = "text" value = "" /> |
28 | < button id = "btn" onclick = "javascript:clickFun();" >点击发送</ button > |
当然要运行servlet,必须配置web.xml
01 | <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> |
02 | < web-app version = "2.5" xmlns = "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" |
03 | xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" |
04 | xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee |
05 | http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> |
08 | < welcome-file >index.jsp</ welcome-file > |
11 | < servlet-name >Hello</ servlet-name > |
12 | < servlet-class >com.test.one.Hello</ servlet-class > |
15 | < servlet-name >Hello</ servlet-name > |
16 | < url-pattern >/Hello</ url-pattern > |
接下来改一下tomcat中的server.xml文件中的配置(至于为什么可以google一下之前的属性,有大神比我讲解好)
1 | < Connector port = "8080" protocol = "HTTP/1.1" |
2 | connectionTimeout = "20000" |
3 | redirectPort = "8443" <strong>< span style = "color: rgb(255, 0, 0);" >useBodyEncodingForURI="true"</ span ></ strong > /> |