Python >> 玩蛇过程中遇到的小技巧-4 : 列表解析式生成字典

列表解析式生成字典

场景：

看Python资料时学到了一种通过列表解析式生成字典的方式，工作暂未用到过，先记录下来。

代码：

# 从 Python 2.7 开始，甚至可以用解析式生成字典（哈希表）
# Taken from page 70 chapter 3 of Fluent Python by Luciano Ramalho
# 有如下列表，元素为多个tuple。
In [8]: DIAL_CODES = [
   ...:     (86, 'China'),
   ...:     (91, 'India'),
   ...:     (1, 'United States'),
   ...:     (62, 'Indonesia'),
   ...:     (55, 'Brazil'),
   ...:     (92, 'Pakistan'),
   ...:     (880, 'Bangladesh'),
   ...:     (234, 'Nigeria'),
   ...:     (7, 'Russia'),
   ...:     (81, 'Japan'),
   ...:     ]
   ...:


# 通过列表解析式生成字典
In [9]: country_code = {country: code for code, country in DIAL_CODES}

# 输出字典
In [10]: country_code
Out[10]:
{'China': 86,
 'India': 91,
 'United States': 1,
 'Indonesia': 62,
 'Brazil': 55,
 'Pakistan': 92,
 'Bangladesh': 880,
 'Nigeria': 234,
 'Russia': 7,
 'Japan': 81}

# 还可以过滤条件生成字典
In [11]: {code: country.upper() for country, code in country_code.items() if code < 66}
Out[11]: {1: 'UNITED STATES', 62: 'INDONESIA', 55: 'BRAZIL', 7: 'RUSSIA'}