Flutter入门代码极简说明

如注释 😄

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';

void main() {   //整个flutter工程的入口
  runApp(const MyApp()); 
}

class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {  //MyApp不需要做状态处理,因此继承StatelessWidget即可
  const MyApp({Key? key}) : super(key: key);

   
  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    return MaterialApp(
      title: 'Flutter Demo',
      theme: ThemeData(
        
        primarySwatch: Colors.blue,
      ),
      home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),
    );
  }
}

//实现一个有状态组件,最少需要两个类: StatefulWidget 和  State
//因为 Widget 需要依据数据才能完成构建，而对于 StatefulWidget 来说，其依赖的数据在 Widget 生命周期中可能会频繁地发生变化。由 State 创建 Widget，以数据驱动视图更新，而不是直接操作 UI 更新视觉属性，代码表达可以更精炼，逻辑也可以更清晰。

class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {      //主页需要继承自StatefulWidget
  const MyHomePage({Key? key, required this.title}) : super(key: key);



  final String title;

  @override
  State<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState(); //必须重写createState()方法
}

class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {  //状态类必须继承State类,后面需要指定为<MyHomePage>
  int _counter = 0;

  void _incrementCounter() {
    setState(() {
     
      _counter++;
    });
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
  
    return Scaffold(
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text(widget.title),
      ),
      body: Center(
        child: Column(
         
          mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
          children: <Widget>[
            const Text(
              'You have pushed the button this many times:',
            ),
            Text(
              '$_counter',
              style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.headline4,
            ),
          ],
        ),
      ),
      floatingActionButton: FloatingActionButton(
        onPressed: _incrementCounter,
        tooltip: 'Increment',
        child: const Icon(Icons.add),
      ),  
    );
  }
}