Python中配置opencv
编译环境为使用anaconda
灰度处理方法一
cv2.imread()
import cv2
img0=cv2.imread('image.jpg',0) # 0 灰度图
img1=cv2.imread('image.jpg',1) # 1 彩色图片
print(img0.shape)
print(img1.shape)
cv2.imshow('src',img0)
cv2.waitKey(0)
方法二
颜色空间转换
import cv2
img=cv2.imread('image.jpg',1)
dst=cv2.cvtColor(img,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY) # 颜色空间转换
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)
方法三 gray=(R+G+B)/3
# gray=(r+g+b)/3
import cv2
import numpy as np
img=cv2.imread('image.jpg',1)
imginfo=img.shape
height=imginfo[0]
width=imginfo[1]
dst=np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
for j in range(0,width):
(b,g,r)=img[i,j]
gray=(int(b)+int(g)+int(r))/3
dst[i,j]=np.nint8(gray)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)
方法四
gray=r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114
# gray = r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114
import cv2
import numpy as np
img=cv2.imread('image.jpg',1)
imginfo=img.shape
height=imginfo[0]
width=imginfo[1]
dst=np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
for j in range(0,width):
(b,g,r)=img[i,j]
b=int(b)
g=int(g)
r=int(r)
gray=r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114
dst[i,j]=np.nint8(gray)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)
优化
定点运算优于浮点,+- 优于 / 移位优于 /
#算法优化
# 定点 > 浮点 +- > */ 移位 >*/
# gray = (r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114)*4 近似等于gray=r+2g+b
# 降低误差方式 倍数 1000
import cv2
import numpy as np
img=cv2.imread('image.jpg',1)
imginfo=img.shape
height=imginfo[0]
width=imginfo[1]
dst=np.zeros((height,width,3),np.uint8)
for i in range(0,height):
for j in range(0,width):
(b,g,r)=img[i,j]
b=int(b)
g=int(g)
r=int(r)
#gray=(r*1+g*2+b*1)/4 # 优化一
gray=(r+(g<<1)+b)>>2 # 优化二
dst[i,j]=np.nint8(gray)
cv2.imshow('dst',dst)
cv2.waitKey(0)