CentOS 7 系统安装初始化之yum，linux系统使用起步

一、下载如下python-[]及yum-[ ]，四个安装包，并用如下命令安装

http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/

rpm -ivh --force --nodeps python-iniparse*
rpm -ivh --force --nodeps yum-metadata-parse*
rpm -ivh --force --nodeps yum-3.4.3-168.el7.*
rpm -ivh --force --nodeps  yum-plugin-fastestmirror-*
rpm -ivh --force --nodeps  yum-cron-3.4.3*

二、配置阿里巴巴YUM源

1、备份本机yum配置文件：CentOS-Base.repo

cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

2、下载阿里巴巴YUM源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
或者
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo3

3、升级、清除、生成yum缓存（本地缓存必须的yum仓库源里的包资源，本机使用）

yum upgrade       # 升级yum
yum clean all     # 清除系统所有的yum缓存
yum makecache     # 生成yum缓存

三、配置阿里巴巴epel-7.repo的YUM源

alibaba epel:
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-7.repo  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
yum upgrade       # update the yum
yum clean all     # 清除系统所有的yum缓存
yum makecache     # 生成yum缓存

四、配置清华大学的repo的YUM源：复制CentOS-Base.repo：下所有内容，替换原CentOS-Base.repo里全部内容，按步骤操作，记得备份此文件

Qinghua repo:
cp /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo  /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

CentOS-Base.repo:
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

yum upgrade       # update the yum
yum clean all     # 清除系统所有的yum缓存
yum makecache     # 生成yum缓存

五、配置RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7文件

cd  /etc/pki/rpm-gpg
wget https://archive.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-7

六、安装如下支持软件包

yum install -y htop
yum install -y epel-release

七、安装NTFS硬盘格式支持：即windows下的硬盘，加载显示在linux的CentOS 7系统里

yum install ntfs-3g

备注：打开NTFS格式的磁盘时，如果是用户账户，则需要输入root账户密码。此为CentOS 7的安全管理。