ArrayList 使用

Java 容器类库的用途是“保存对象”，并划分为两大类,序列Collection和健值对 Map。下面主要学习基本的 ArrayList 集合使用练习。

概述

ArrayList 是 List 类的实现类，因此 List 接口 和 Collection 接口的方法 ArrayList 都可用
1、底层是使用数组存储数据的。
2、有序，可重复，可以存储 null【List 接口的特点】
3、根据索引访问元素十分高效，但是插入和删除效率十分慢

容器添加元素常用的的3种方法

List<T>  Arrays.asList(T... a)  
boolean Collections.addAll(Collection<? super T> c, T... elements) 
boolean Collection.addAll(Collection<? extends E> c) 

前2种支持可变参数比较灵活，第3种常用来使用已有的容器来初始化，运行更快。

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.*;

  public static void practice1(){
  		// 方法一
        List<Snow> snow1 = Arrays.asList(new Snow(), new Crusty(), new Slush());
        List<Snow> snow2 = Arrays.asList(new Light(), new Heavy());
        // 方法二
        List<Snow> snow3 = new ArrayList<Snow>();
        Collections.addAll(snow3, new Crusty(), new Slush());
        Collections.addAll(snow3, new Light(), new Heavy());
        List<Snow> snow4 = Arrays.<Snow>asList(new Light(), new Heavy());
        List<Power> snow5 = Arrays.<Power>asList(new Light(), new Heavy());
        // 方法三
        snow3.addAll(snow2); // boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c);
//        snow4.addAll(snow5); // boolean addAll(Collection<? extends E> c); 类型不同，不支持
    }

ArrayList常用方法练习

1、Collection 接口常用方法

2、List 接口常用方法

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.util.*;

public static void practice3(){
        ArrayList<String> practiceStr = new ArrayList<>();
        Collections.addAll(practiceStr,"apple","cat", "dog","big");
        log.info("1: {}", practiceStr.toString());
        practiceStr.add("egg");
        log.info("2: {}", practiceStr.toString());
        practiceStr.add(2,"egg");
        log.info("3: {}", practiceStr.toString());
        boolean ret = practiceStr.contains("cat");
        log.info("4: {}", ret);
        ret = practiceStr.remove("cat");
        log.info("5: {},{}", ret, practiceStr.toString());
        String ret1 = practiceStr.remove(1);
        // 返回删除元素
        log.info("6: {},{}", ret1, practiceStr.toString());
        ret1 = practiceStr.get(1);
        // 返回查找到的元素
        log.info("7: {},{}", ret1, practiceStr.toString());
        ret1 = practiceStr.set(2, "flag");
        // 返回更新之前的元素
        log.info("8: {},{}", ret1, practiceStr.toString());
        int ret2 = practiceStr.indexOf("flag");
        log.info("9: {}", ret2);
        ret = practiceStr.addAll(1, Arrays.asList("bug","npe"));
        log.info("10: {},{}", ret, practiceStr.toString());
        List<String> subList = practiceStr.subList(1,4);
        log.info("11: {}", subList.toString());
        ret = practiceStr.containsAll(subList);
        log.info("12: {}", ret);
        ret = practiceStr.retainAll(subList);
        log.info("13: {},{}", ret, practiceStr.toString());
        subList = practiceStr.subList(1, 2);
        ret = practiceStr.removeAll(subList);
        log.info("14: {},{}", ret, practiceStr.toString());
        Object[] array = practiceStr.toArray();
        log.info("15: {}", Arrays.toString(array));
    }

测试输出：

49) - 1: [apple, cat, dog, big]
51) - 2: [apple, cat, dog, big, egg]
53) - 3: [apple, cat, egg, dog, big, egg]
55) - 4: true
57) - 5: true,[apple, egg, dog, big, egg]
60) - 6: egg,[apple, dog, big, egg]
63) - 7: dog,[apple, dog, big, egg]
66) - 8: big,[apple, dog, flag, egg]
68) - 9: 2
70) - 10: true,[apple, bug, npe, dog, flag, egg]
72) - 11: [bug, npe, dog]
90) - 12: true
92) - 13: true,[bug, npe, dog]
95) - 14: true,[bug, dog]
97) - 15: [bug, dog]